महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-116, verse-4

तूर्याणि गणिका वारास्तथैव नटनर्तकाः ।
उपानृत्यञ्जगुश्चैव वृद्धं कुरुपितामहम् ॥४॥

4. tūryāṇi gaṇikā vārāstathaiva naṭanartakāḥ ,
upānṛtyañjaguścaiva vṛddhaṁ kurupitāmaham.

4. tūryāṇi gaṇikāḥ vārāḥ tathā eva naṭa-nartakāḥ
upānṛtyan jaguḥ ca eva vṛddham kuru-pitāmaham

4. tūryāṇi gaṇikāḥ vārāḥ tathā eva naṭa-nartakāḥ
ca vṛddham kuru-pitāmaham upānṛtyan jaguḥ eva

4. Musical instruments, courtesans, female performers, as well as actors and male dancers, all danced near and sang for the aged Kuru grandfather (Bhīṣma).

Words meanings summery:

• तूर्याणि (tūryāṇi) - sounds of musical instruments (musical instruments, music)

• गणिकाः (gaṇikāḥ) - female performers or courtesans (courtesans, public women)

• वाराः (vārāḥ) - special female performers or dancers (female dancers/performers, chosen women)

• तथा (tathā) - as well as (thus, so, and, as well as)

• एव (eva) - indeed, also (only, just, indeed, truly)

• नट-नर्तकाः (naṭa-nartakāḥ) - male actors and dancers (actors and dancers)

• उपानृत्यन् (upānṛtyan) - performed dances near (Bhīṣma) (danced near/around)

• जगुः (jaguḥ) - sang songs (sang)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एव (eva) - indeed (only, just, indeed, truly)

• वृद्धम् (vṛddham) - the aged (Bhīṣma) (old, aged (accusative singular))

• कुरु-पितामहम् (kuru-pitāmaham) - the grandfather of the Kurus (Bhīṣma) (Kuru grandfather (accusative singular))

Words meanings and morphology

तूर्याणि (tūryāṇi) - sounds of musical instruments (musical instruments, music)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of tūrya

tūrya - musical instrument, music

Note: Subject of 'upānṛtyan' and 'jaguḥ'. Implies musical accompaniment.

गणिकाः (gaṇikāḥ) - female performers or courtesans (courtesans, public women)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of gaṇikā

gaṇikā - courtesan, public woman, actress

Note: Subject of 'upānṛtyan' and 'jaguḥ'.

वाराः (vārāḥ) - special female performers or dancers (female dancers/performers, chosen women)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of vārā

vārā - female dancer, public woman, chosen one

Note: Subject of 'upānṛtyan' and 'jaguḥ'.

तथा (tathā) - as well as (thus, so, and, as well as)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'vārāḥ' and 'naṭa-nartakāḥ'.

एव (eva) - indeed, also (only, just, indeed, truly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Provides emphasis or inclusion.

नट-नर्तकाः (naṭa-nartakāḥ) - male actors and dancers (actors and dancers)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of naṭa-nartaka

naṭa-nartaka - actor and dancer

Compound type : dvandva (naṭa+nartaka)

• naṭa – actor, mime
  noun (masculine)
  Root: naṭ (class 1)
• nartaka – dancer, actor
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nṛt (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'upānṛtyan' and 'jaguḥ'.

उपानृत्यन् (upānṛtyan) - performed dances near (Bhīṣma) (danced near/around)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of upanṛt

Imperfect Active

root 'nṛt' with prefix 'upa'

Prefix: upa

Root: nṛt (class 4)

Note: Shared verb for multiple subjects.

जगुः (jaguḥ) - sang songs (sang)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of gā

Perfect Active

root 'gā' (reduplicated)

Root: gā (class 2)

Note: Shared verb for multiple subjects.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'upānṛtyan' and 'jaguḥ'.

एव (eva) - indeed (only, just, indeed, truly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the action.

वृद्धम् (vṛddham) - the aged (Bhīṣma) (old, aged (accusative singular))

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vṛddha

vṛddha - old, aged, grown, increased

Past Passive Participle

from root 'vṛdh' (to grow)

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Bhīṣma.

कुरु-पितामहम् (kuru-pitāmaham) - the grandfather of the Kurus (Bhīṣma) (Kuru grandfather (accusative singular))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kuru-pitāmaha

kuru-pitāmaha - grandfather of the Kurus

Compound type : tatpurusha (kuru+pitāmaha)

• kuru – Kuru (name of an ancient king and his descendants)
  proper noun (masculine)
• pitāmaha – paternal grandfather; Brahmā
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'upānṛtyan' and 'jaguḥ'. Refers to Bhīṣma.