महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-116, verse-16

तं दृष्ट्वा पाण्डवं राजन्नभिवाद्याग्रतः स्थितम् ।
अभ्यभाषत धर्मात्मा भीष्मः प्रीतो धनंजयम् ॥१६॥

16. taṁ dṛṣṭvā pāṇḍavaṁ rājannabhivādyāgrataḥ sthitam ,
abhyabhāṣata dharmātmā bhīṣmaḥ prīto dhanaṁjayam.

16. tam dṛṣṭvā pāṇḍavaṃ rājan abhivādya agrataḥ sthitam
| abhyabhāṣata dharmātmā bhīṣmaḥ prītaḥ dhanaṃjayam

16. rājan dharmātmā bhīṣmaḥ prītaḥ tam pāṇḍavaṃ abhivādya
agrataḥ sthitam dṛṣṭvā dhanaṃjayam abhyabhāṣata

16. O King, having seen that Pandava (Arjuna) standing before him after having saluted, Bhishma, whose soul was dedicated to natural law (dharma), delightfully addressed Dhananjaya.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him (Arjuna) (him, that)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• पाण्डवं (pāṇḍavaṁ) - the Pandava (Arjuna) (descendant of Pandu)

• राजन् (rājan) - O King (Dhritarashtra) (O king)

• अभिवाद्य (abhivādya) - who had saluted (having saluted, having bowed to)

• अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - in front (of Bhishma) (in front, before, in the presence of)

• स्थितम् (sthitam) - standing (standing, situated, being)

• अभ्यभाषत (abhyabhāṣata) - addressed (addressed, spoke to)

• धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - Bhishma, whose soul was dedicated to natural law (dharma) (one whose soul is (dharma), righteous, virtuous)

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (Bhishma (proper name))

• प्रीतः (prītaḥ) - delighted (pleased, delighted, satisfied)

• धनंजयम् (dhanaṁjayam) - Dhananjaya (Arjuna) (conqueror of wealth (Arjuna))

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him (Arjuna) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him, her, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Object of dṛṣṭvā.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root dṛś (to see), suffix -ktvā.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

पाण्डवं (pāṇḍavaṁ) - the Pandava (Arjuna) (descendant of Pandu)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pandu, son of Pandu

Patronymic from Paṇḍu.

Note: Agrees with tam.

राजन् (rājan) - O King (Dhritarashtra) (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

n-stem noun.

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Addressed to Dhritarashtra.

अभिवाद्य (abhivādya) - who had saluted (having saluted, having bowed to)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root vad (to speak, but used for salutation) with prefix abhi, suffix -lya(p).

Prefix: abhi

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Implies an action completed by the object tam pāṇḍavam.

अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - in front (of Bhishma) (in front, before, in the presence of)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form from agra (front) with suffix -tas.

Note: Specifies location.

स्थितम् (sthitam) - standing (standing, situated, being)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sthita

sthita - standing, situated, being, abiding

Past Passive Participle

From root sthā (to stand), suffix -kta.

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with tam pāṇḍavam.

अभ्यभाषत (abhyabhāṣata) - addressed (addressed, spoke to)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle (ātmanepada), past imperfect (laṅ) of abhibhāṣ

Imperfect (Laṅ), 3rd person singular, Ātmanepada

From abhi-bhāṣ (to speak, address).

Prefix: abhi

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - Bhishma, whose soul was dedicated to natural law (dharma) (one whose soul is (dharma), righteous, virtuous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmātman

dharmātman - righteous, virtuous, one whose nature is (dharma)

Compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dharma+ātman)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with bhīṣmaḥ.

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (Bhishma (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (a proper name, means 'terrible' or 'awesome')

From root bhīṣ (to frighten, be terrible).

Root: bhīṣ

प्रीतः (prītaḥ) - delighted (pleased, delighted, satisfied)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prīta

prīta - pleased, delighted, satisfied

Past Passive Participle

From root prī (to please, delight), suffix -kta.

Root: prī (class 9)

Note: Describes the state of the subject bhīṣmaḥ.

धनंजयम् (dhanaṁjayam) - Dhananjaya (Arjuna) (conqueror of wealth (Arjuna))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhanaṃjaya

dhanaṁjaya - conqueror of wealth (Arjuna)

Compound: dhana (wealth) + jaya (victory/conquest).

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (dhana+jaya)

• dhana – wealth, riches
  noun (neuter)
• jaya – victory, conquest, triumph
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'ji' (to conquer)
  Root: ji (class 1)