महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-113, verse-5

ततः शल्यः कृपश्चैव चित्रसेनश्च भारत ।
दुःशासनो विकर्णश्च रथानास्थाय सत्वराः ।
पाण्डवानां रणे शूरा ध्वजिनीं समकम्पयन् ॥५॥

5. tataḥ śalyaḥ kṛpaścaiva citrasenaśca bhārata ,
duḥśāsano vikarṇaśca rathānāsthāya satvarāḥ ,
pāṇḍavānāṁ raṇe śūrā dhvajinīṁ samakampayan.

5. tataḥ śalyaḥ kṛpaḥ ca eva citrasenaḥ
ca bhārata duḥśāsanaḥ vikarṇaḥ
ca rathān āsthāya satvarāḥ pāṇḍavānām
raṇe śūrāḥ dhvajinīm samakampayan

5. bhārata tataḥ śalyaḥ ca kṛpaḥ ca eva
citrasenaḥ ca duḥśāsanaḥ ca vikarṇaḥ
ca śūrāḥ satvarāḥ rathān āsthāya
raṇe pāṇḍavānām dhvajinīm samakampayan

5. Then, O Bhārata, Śalya, Kṛpa, Citrasena, Duḥśāsana, and Vikarṇa—these heroes, swiftly mounting their chariots—caused the Pāṇḍavas' army to tremble in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from there

• शल्यः (śalyaḥ) - Śalya

• कृपः (kṛpaḥ) - Kṛpa

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• चित्रसेनः (citrasenaḥ) - Citrasena

• च (ca) - and

• भारत (bhārata) - addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (O Bhārata)

• दुःशासनः (duḥśāsanaḥ) - Duḥśāsana

• विकर्णः (vikarṇaḥ) - Vikarṇa

• च (ca) - and

• रथान् (rathān) - chariots

• आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having mounted their chariots (having mounted, having ascended, having taken up)

• सत्वराः (satvarāḥ) - swift, quick, eager

• पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pāṇḍavas

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat

• शूराः (śūrāḥ) - heroes, valiant ones

• ध्वजिनीम् (dhvajinīm) - army, host (lit. banner-bearing)

• समकम्पयन् (samakampayan) - they caused to tremble, they shook

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from there

(indeclinable)

शल्यः (śalyaḥ) - Śalya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śalya

śalya - Śalya (proper name)

कृपः (kṛpaḥ) - Kṛpa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛpa

kṛpa - Kṛpa (proper name)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the preceding 'ca'.

चित्रसेनः (citrasenaḥ) - Citrasena

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of citrasena

citrasena - Citrasena (proper name)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

भारत (bhārata) - addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (O Bhārata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata; an Indian; O Bhārata (vocative)

दुःशासनः (duḥśāsanaḥ) - Duḥśāsana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duḥśāsana

duḥśāsana - Duḥśāsana (proper name)

विकर्णः (vikarṇaḥ) - Vikarṇa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vikarṇa

vikarṇa - Vikarṇa (proper name)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

रथान् (rathān) - chariots

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ratha

ratha - chariot

आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having mounted their chariots (having mounted, having ascended, having taken up)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root sthā (to stand) with prefix ā, and suffix -ya for absolutive

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

सत्वराः (satvarāḥ) - swift, quick, eager

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of satvara

satvara - swift, quick, speedy, eager

Note: Agrees with the implied plural subject (Śalya, Kṛpa, etc.).

पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu; Pāṇḍava

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat

Root: raṇ (class 1)

शूराः (śūrāḥ) - heroes, valiant ones

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śūra

śūra - hero, valiant, brave

Note: Refers to Śalya, Kṛpa, Citrasena, Duḥśāsana, and Vikarṇa.

ध्वजिनीम् (dhvajinīm) - army, host (lit. banner-bearing)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dhvajinī

dhvajinī - army, host, banner-bearing force

समकम्पयन् (samakampayan) - they caused to tremble, they shook

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of kamp

Imperfect active causative 3rd plural (from root 'kamp' with prefix 'sam')

Prefix: sam

Root: kamp (class 1)