महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-6, chapter-113, verse-15
भयं त्यक्त्वा रणे शूरा ब्रह्मलोकपुरस्कृताः ।
तावकांस्तव पुत्रांश्च योधयन्ति स्म हृष्टवत् ॥१५॥
तावकांस्तव पुत्रांश्च योधयन्ति स्म हृष्टवत् ॥१५॥
15. bhayaṁ tyaktvā raṇe śūrā brahmalokapuraskṛtāḥ ,
tāvakāṁstava putrāṁśca yodhayanti sma hṛṣṭavat.
tāvakāṁstava putrāṁśca yodhayanti sma hṛṣṭavat.
15.
bhayam tyaktvā raṇe śūrāḥ brahmalokapuraskṛtāḥ
tāvakān tava putrān ca yodhayanti sma hṛṣṭavat
tāvakān tava putrān ca yodhayanti sma hṛṣṭavat
15.
raṇe bhayam tyaktvā brahmalokapuraskṛtāḥ śūrāḥ
tava tāvakān putrān ca hṛṣṭavat yodhayanti sma
tava tāvakān putrān ca hṛṣṭavat yodhayanti sma
15.
The heroes, having abandoned fear in battle and destined for the world of Brahma, were joyfully fighting your people and your sons.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- भयम् (bhayam) - fear, danger, terror
- त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned, having given up, having renounced
- रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat, on the battlefield
- शूराः (śūrāḥ) - heroes, brave warriors
- ब्रह्मलोकपुरस्कृताः (brahmalokapuraskṛtāḥ) - honored by the world of Brahma, destined for the world of Brahma
- तावकान् (tāvakān) - (the Kauravas, Dhṛtarāṣṭra's side) (your people, those belonging to you)
- तव (tava) - (belonging to Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (your, of you)
- पुत्रान् (putrān) - sons
- च (ca) - and, also
- योधयन्ति (yodhayanti) - they fight, they cause to fight
- स्म (sma) - particle indicating past tense (when used with present tense verb)
- हृष्टवत् (hṛṣṭavat) - joyfully, with delight, eagerly
Words meanings and morphology
भयम् (bhayam) - fear, danger, terror
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of bhaya
bhaya - fear, dread, terror, danger, apprehension
derived from root √bhī (to fear) + 'a' suffix
Root: √bhī (class 3)
त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned, having given up, having renounced
(indeclinable)
absolutive (gerund)
formed from root √tyaj + suffix -ktvā
Root: √tyaj (class 1)
रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat, on the battlefield
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa
raṇa - battle, combat, war, conflict
Root: √raṇ (class 1)
शूराः (śūrāḥ) - heroes, brave warriors
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of śūra
śūra - hero, warrior, brave man, strong
ब्रह्मलोकपुरस्कृताः (brahmalokapuraskṛtāḥ) - honored by the world of Brahma, destined for the world of Brahma
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of brahmalokapuraskṛta
brahmalokapuraskṛta - honored by or destined for the world of Brahma (brahmaloka)
Compound type : bahuvrihi (brahmaloka+puraskṛta)
- brahmaloka – world of Brahma, Brahma's realm
noun (masculine) - puraskṛta – honored, rewarded, placed in front, preceded by
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Derived from prefix 'puras' + root √kṛ (to do, make) + suffix -ta
Prefix: puras
Root: √kṛ (class 8)
तावकान् (tāvakān) - (the Kauravas, Dhṛtarāṣṭra's side) (your people, those belonging to you)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of tāvaka
tāvaka - your, relating to you, belonging to you, your people
Derived from 'tva' (you) + suffix '-aka'
Note: Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra's side.
तव (tava) - (belonging to Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (your, of you)
(pronoun)
Genitive, singular of yuşmad
yuşmad - you (pronoun)
पुत्रान् (putrān) - sons
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of putra
putra - son, child
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
योधयन्ति (yodhayanti) - they fight, they cause to fight
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of yudh
causal form of √yudh
Present tense, active voice, 3rd person plural of causal verb √yudh (yodhayati)
Root: √yudh (class 4)
Note: Used with 'sma' to indicate past action.
स्म (sma) - particle indicating past tense (when used with present tense verb)
(indeclinable)
हृष्टवत् (hṛṣṭavat) - joyfully, with delight, eagerly
(indeclinable)
adverb formed from hṛṣṭa (Past Passive Participle of √hṛṣ) + suffix -vat
Root: √hṛṣ (class 4)