महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-113, verse-48

ते वराश्वरथव्रातैर्वारणैः सपदातिभिः ।
तमेकं छादयामासुर्मेघा इव दिवाकरम् ।
भीष्मं भागीरथीपुत्रं प्रतपन्तं रणे रिपून् ॥४८॥

48. te varāśvarathavrātairvāraṇaiḥ sapadātibhiḥ ,
tamekaṁ chādayāmāsurmeghā iva divākaram ,
bhīṣmaṁ bhāgīrathīputraṁ pratapantaṁ raṇe ripūn.

48. te varāśvarathavrātaiḥ vāraṇaiḥ
sapadātibhiḥ tam ekam chādayāmāsuḥ
meghāḥ iva divākaram bhīṣmam
bhāgīrathīputram pratapantam raṇe ripūn

48. te varāśvarathavrātaiḥ vāraṇaiḥ
sapadātibhiḥ divākaram meghāḥ iva
raṇe ripūn pratapantam bhāgīrathīputram
bhīṣmam tam ekam chādayāmāsuḥ

48. They, with their battalions of excellent horses and chariots, with their elephants, and with their foot soldiers, enveloped that one individual, Bhishma, the son of Bhāgīrathī, who was scorching his enemies in battle, just as clouds envelop the sun.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - they, those

• वराश्वरथव्रातैः (varāśvarathavrātaiḥ) - with battalions/multitudes of excellent horses and chariots

• वारणैः (vāraṇaiḥ) - with elephants

• सपदातिभिः (sapadātibhiḥ) - with foot soldiers, accompanied by infantry

• तम् (tam) - him (referring to Bhishma) (him, that)

• एकम् (ekam) - alone (modifying 'him', referring to Bhishma) (one, alone, single)

• छादयामासुः (chādayāmāsuḥ) - they covered, they overwhelmed

• मेघाः (meghāḥ) - clouds

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• दिवाकरम् (divākaram) - the sun, maker of day

• भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhishma

• भागीरथीपुत्रम् (bhāgīrathīputram) - son of Bhāgīrathī (referring to Bhishma) (the son of Bhāgīrathī (Ganges))

• प्रतपन्तम् (pratapantam) - who was scorching (his enemies) (scorching, tormenting)

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in conflict

• रिपून् (ripūn) - enemies, adversaries

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - they, those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he/she/it

वराश्वरथव्रातैः (varāśvarathavrātaiḥ) - with battalions/multitudes of excellent horses and chariots

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of varāśvarathavrāta

varāśvarathavrāta - troop of excellent horses and chariots

Compound type : multiple compounding (vara+aśva+ratha+vrāta)

• vara – excellent, best, noble, boons
  adjective (masculine)
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• vrāta – multitude, troop, band
  noun (masculine)

वारणैः (vāraṇaiḥ) - with elephants

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vāraṇa

vāraṇa - elephant, warding off, preventing

सपदातिभिः (sapadātibhiḥ) - with foot soldiers, accompanied by infantry

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sapadāti

sapadāti - accompanied by foot soldiers, with infantry

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+padāti)

• sa – with, accompanied by, together with
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating accompaniment.
• padāti – foot soldier, infantry
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'te' (they).

तम् (tam) - him (referring to Bhishma) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he/she/it

एकम् (ekam) - alone (modifying 'him', referring to Bhishma) (one, alone, single)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, single, alone, unique

Note: Agrees with 'tam'.

छादयामासुः (chādayāmāsuḥ) - they covered, they overwhelmed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of chad

Perfect

Formed using the 'ām' suffix with causative stem (chādaya).

Root: chad (class 10)

मेघाः (meghāḥ) - clouds

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of megha

megha - cloud, a cloud-like mass

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

दिवाकरम् (divākaram) - the sun, maker of day

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of divākara

divākara - sun, day-maker

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (divā+kara)

• divā – by day, during the day
  indeclinable
• kara – maker, doing, hand
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root kṛ (to do, make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhishma

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (a revered warrior in the Mahābhārata), terrible, formidable

भागीरथीपुत्रम् (bhāgīrathīputram) - son of Bhāgīrathī (referring to Bhishma) (the son of Bhāgīrathī (Ganges))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhāgīrathīputra

bhāgīrathīputra - son of Bhāgīrathī (an epithet for Bhishma)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhāgīrathī+putra)

• bhāgīrathī – Bhāgīrathī (another name for the river Gaṅgā)
  proper noun (feminine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

प्रतपन्तम् (pratapantam) - who was scorching (his enemies) (scorching, tormenting)

(verbal derivative)

Note: Agrees with 'bhīṣmam'.

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in conflict

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, conflict

रिपून् (ripūn) - enemies, adversaries

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ripu

ripu - enemy, foe, adversary

Note: Object of 'pratapantam'.