महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-113, verse-20

स तां शिक्षामधिष्ठाय कृत्वा परबलक्षयम् ।
अहन्यहनि पार्थानां वृद्धः कुरुपितामहः ।
भीष्मो दश सहस्राणि जघान परवीरहा ॥२०॥

20. sa tāṁ śikṣāmadhiṣṭhāya kṛtvā parabalakṣayam ,
ahanyahani pārthānāṁ vṛddhaḥ kurupitāmahaḥ ,
bhīṣmo daśa sahasrāṇi jaghāna paravīrahā.

20. sa tām śikṣām adhiṣṭhāya kṛtvā
parabalakṣayam ahani ahani pārthānām
vṛddhaḥ kurupitāmahaḥ bhīṣmaḥ
daśa sahasrāṇi jaghāna paravīrahā

20. saḥ tām śikṣām adhiṣṭhāya parabalakṣayam kṛtvā,
vṛddhaḥ kurupitāmahaḥ paravīrahā bhīṣmaḥ ahani ahani pārthānām daśa sahasrāṇi jaghāna

20. Having taken up that instruction, and having brought about the destruction of enemy forces, Bhīṣma, the venerable grandsire of the Kurus, a slayer of enemy heroes, killed ten thousand warriors of the Pārthas day after day.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - he (Bhīṣma) (he, that)

• ताम् (tām) - that (instruction/knowledge) (that, her)

• शिक्षाम् (śikṣām) - the weapon-knowledge mentioned previously (instruction, knowledge)

• अधिष्ठाय (adhiṣṭhāya) - having taken up (that instruction) (having stood over, having resorted to, having taken up)

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having brought about (having done, having made)

• परबलक्षयम् (parabalakṣayam) - destruction of enemy forces

• अहनि (ahani) - day (in 'day after day') (on the day)

• अहनि (ahani) - day (in 'day after day') (on the day)

• पार्थानाम् (pārthānām) - of the Pārthas

• वृद्धः (vṛddhaḥ) - venerable (Bhīṣma) (old, aged, venerable)

• कुरुपितामहः (kurupitāmahaḥ) - grandsire of the Kurus

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhīṣma

• दश (daśa) - ten

• सहस्राणि (sahasrāṇi) - ten thousand (warriors) (thousands)

• जघान (jaghāna) - killed, struck, slew

• परवीरहा (paravīrahā) - slayer of enemy heroes

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - he (Bhīṣma) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

ताम् (tām) - that (instruction/knowledge) (that, her)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

शिक्षाम् (śikṣām) - the weapon-knowledge mentioned previously (instruction, knowledge)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śikṣā

śikṣā - instruction, teaching, learning, knowledge

अधिष्ठाय (adhiṣṭhāya) - having taken up (that instruction) (having stood over, having resorted to, having taken up)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

formed from root sthā with prefix adhi

Prefix: adhi

Root: sthā (class 1)

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having brought about (having done, having made)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

formed from root kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

परबलक्षयम् (parabalakṣayam) - destruction of enemy forces

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of parabalakṣaya

parabalakṣaya - destruction of hostile armies/forces

Compound type : tatpurusha (para+bala+kṣaya)

• para – enemy, hostile, other
  adjective
• bala – strength, power, force, army
  noun (neuter)
• kṣaya – destruction, loss, decay, end
  noun (masculine)

अहनि (ahani) - day (in 'day after day') (on the day)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of ahan

ahan - day

Note: Repeated for 'day after day' (ahan ahani)

अहनि (ahani) - day (in 'day after day') (on the day)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of ahan

ahan - day

Note: Repetition creates 'day after day' (ahan ahani)

पार्थानाम् (pārthānām) - of the Pārthas

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), a name for Arjuna and his brothers

वृद्धः (vṛddhaḥ) - venerable (Bhīṣma) (old, aged, venerable)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛddha

vṛddha - old, aged, grown, venerable, wise

Past Passive Participle

formed from root vṛdh

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

कुरुपितामहः (kurupitāmahaḥ) - grandsire of the Kurus

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kurupitāmaha

kurupitāmaha - grandfather of the Kurus (Bhīṣma)

Compound type : tatpurusha (kuru+pitāmaha)

• kuru – the Kurus (a legendary race or dynasty, associated with Bhārata)
  proper noun (masculine)
• pitāmaha – grandfather
  noun (masculine)

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhīṣma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhīṣma (a prominent character in the Mahābhārata)

दश (daśa) - ten

(numeral)

सहस्राणि (sahasrāṇi) - ten thousand (warriors) (thousands)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of sahasra

sahasra - thousand

जघान (jaghāna) - killed, struck, slew

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of han

Perfect Active

root han, Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Root: han (class 2)

परवीरहा (paravīrahā) - slayer of enemy heroes

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paravīrahā

paravīrahā - killer of enemy heroes

Compound type : tatpurusha (para+vīra+han)

• para – enemy, hostile, other
  adjective
• vīra – hero, warrior, valiant
  noun (masculine)
• han – killing, slayer (suffix for agent noun)
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  derived from root han 'to kill'
  Root: han (class 2)