महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-113, verse-29

न चैनं पार्थिवा राजञ्शेकुः केचिन्निरीक्षितुम् ।
मध्यं प्राप्तं यथा ग्रीष्मे तपन्तं भास्करं दिवि ॥२९॥

29. na cainaṁ pārthivā rājañśekuḥ kecinnirīkṣitum ,
madhyaṁ prāptaṁ yathā grīṣme tapantaṁ bhāskaraṁ divi.

29. na ca enam pārthivāḥ rājan śekuḥ kecit nirīkṣitum
madhyam prāptam yathā grīṣme tapantam bhāskaram divi

29. rājan,
ca kecit pārthivāḥ enam nirīkṣitum na śekuḥ,
yathā grīṣme madhyam prāptam tapantam bhāskaram divi (nirīkṣitum na śekuḥ).

29. Nor, O King, could any of the princes (pārthiva) gaze upon him, just as one cannot look at the sun (bhāskara) blazing in the sky at its zenith in summer.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - Nor (in conjunction with 'na') (and)

• एनम् (enam) - Bhishma (him, this)

• पार्थिवाः (pārthivāḥ) - the kings and princes of the opposing army (kings, princes, earthly rulers)

• राजन् (rājan) - Dhritarashtra, addressed by Sanjaya (O king)

• शेकुः (śekuḥ) - the princes were unable (they were able)

• केचित् (kecit) - any of the princes (some, any (indefinite pronoun))

• निरीक्षितुम् (nirīkṣitum) - to be able to look at Bhishma (to look at, to behold, to gaze upon)

• मध्यम् (madhyam) - the mid-day position in the sky (for the sun) (middle, center, zenith)

• प्राप्तम् (prāptam) - having reached the zenith (having reached, attained, obtained)

• यथा (yathā) - serves as a comparison (just as, as, in which way)

• ग्रीष्मे (grīṣme) - in summer

• तपन्तम् (tapantam) - intensely blazing (sun) (burning, blazing, scorching)

• भास्करम् (bhāskaram) - the sun (literally "light-maker")

• दिवि (divi) - in the sky, in heaven

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negative particle.

च (ca) - Nor (in conjunction with 'na') (and)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

एनम् (enam) - Bhishma (him, this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, that, him, her, it

Note: Object of 'nirīkṣitum'.

पार्थिवाः (pārthivāḥ) - the kings and princes of the opposing army (kings, princes, earthly rulers)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pārthiva

pārthiva - earthly, royal, king, prince

Derived from 'pṛthivī' (earth) + 'aṇ' suffix, meaning 'related to earth' or 'ruler of earth'.

Note: Subject of 'śekuḥ'.

राजन् (rājan) - Dhritarashtra, addressed by Sanjaya (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Addressed to Dhritarashtra.

शेकुः (śekuḥ) - the princes were unable (they were able)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of śak

perfect (liṭ)

3rd person plural parasmaipada, from root 'śak'.

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Main verb of the first clause.

केचित् (kecit) - any of the princes (some, any (indefinite pronoun))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ka-cid

ka-cid - someone, something, any, certain

Formed from interrogative pronoun 'ka' + indefinite particle 'cid'.

Note: Qualifies 'pārthivāḥ'.

निरीक्षितुम् (nirīkṣitum) - to be able to look at Bhishma (to look at, to behold, to gaze upon)

(indeclinable)

infinitive

Formed from prefix 'nir-' (out, thoroughly) + root 'īkṣ' (to see).

Prefix: nir

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Expresses purpose or object of the main verb.

मध्यम् (madhyam) - the mid-day position in the sky (for the sun) (middle, center, zenith)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of madhya

madhya - middle, central, intermediate, zenith

Note: Object of 'prāptam'.

प्राप्तम् (prāptam) - having reached the zenith (having reached, attained, obtained)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prāpta

prāpta - reached, attained, obtained, acquired

past passive participle

From 'pra-' (forth, forward) + root 'āp' (to obtain) + '-ta' suffix. Compound root: 'pra-āp'.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Qualifies 'bhāskaram'.

यथा (yathā) - serves as a comparison (just as, as, in which way)

(indeclinable)

Note: Comparative particle.

ग्रीष्मे (grīṣme) - in summer

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of grīṣma

grīṣma - summer, hot season

Note: Time adverbial.

तपन्तम् (tapantam) - intensely blazing (sun) (burning, blazing, scorching)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tap

tap - to burn, to heat, to shine, to perform austerity (tapas)

present active participle

From root 'tap' (to burn), 1st class. Accusative singular masculine.

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'bhāskaram'.

भास्करम् (bhāskaram) - the sun (literally "light-maker")

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhāskara

bhāskara - sun (literally 'light-maker'), fire

Compound of 'bhās' (light) + 'kara' (maker).

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (bhās+kara)

• bhās – light, splendor, ray
  noun (neuter)
• kara – maker, doer, hand, ray
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'kṛ' (to do) + suffix '-a'.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of implied 'nirīkṣitum'.

दिवि (divi) - in the sky, in heaven

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of div

div - sky, heaven, day

Note: Location for the sun.