महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-113, verse-39

एते चान्ये च बहवः पीडिता भीष्मसायकैः ।
समुद्धृताः फल्गुनेन निमग्नाः शोकसागरे ॥३९॥

39. ete cānye ca bahavaḥ pīḍitā bhīṣmasāyakaiḥ ,
samuddhṛtāḥ phalgunena nimagnāḥ śokasāgare.

39. ete ca anye ca bahavaḥ pīḍitāḥ bhīṣmasāyakaiḥ
samuddhṛtāḥ phalgunena nimagnāḥ śokasāgare

39. ete ca anye ca bahavaḥ bhīṣmasāyakaiḥ pīḍitāḥ
śokasāgare nimagnāḥ phalgunena samuddhṛtāḥ

39. These and many others, tormented by Bhishma's arrows and submerged in an ocean of sorrow, were rescued by Arjuna (Phalguna).

Words meanings summery:

• एते (ete) - these (warriors) (these, these ones)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अन्ये (anye) - other (warriors) (others)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many (warriors) (many)

• पीडिताः (pīḍitāḥ) - afflicted (tormented, afflicted, distressed)

• भीष्मसायकैः (bhīṣmasāyakaiḥ) - by the arrows of Bhishma (by Bhishma's arrows)

• समुद्धृताः (samuddhṛtāḥ) - were rescued (rescued, lifted up, delivered)

• फल्गुनेन (phalgunena) - by Arjuna (by Arjuna (Phalguna))

• निमग्नाः (nimagnāḥ) - immersed (submerged, drowned, immersed)

• शोकसागरे (śokasāgare) - in the ocean of sorrow (in the ocean of sorrow, in the sea of grief)

Words meanings and morphology

एते (ete) - these (warriors) (these, these ones)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etat

etat - this, these

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

अन्ये (anye) - other (warriors) (others)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, another

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many (warriors) (many)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, numerous

Note: Used substantively as 'many'

पीडिताः (pīḍitāḥ) - afflicted (tormented, afflicted, distressed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pīḍita

pīḍita - tormented, oppressed, afflicted

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root PĪḌ (पीड्) with suffix -ta

Root: pīḍ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `ete ca anye ca bahavaḥ`

भीष्मसायकैः (bhīṣmasāyakaiḥ) - by the arrows of Bhishma (by Bhishma's arrows)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhīṣmasāyaka

bhīṣmasāyaka - Bhishma's arrow

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhīṣma+sāyaka)

• bhīṣma – Bhishma (name of a Kuru warrior)
  proper noun (masculine)
• sāyaka – arrow, missile
  noun (masculine)
  Root: sā (class 6)

Note: Agent of affliction (`pīḍitāḥ`)

समुद्धृताः (samuddhṛtāḥ) - were rescued (rescued, lifted up, delivered)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of samuddhṛta

samuddhṛta - rescued, lifted up, drawn out

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root DHṚ (धृ) with upasargas SAM (सम्) and UD (उद्), and suffix -ta

Prefixes: sam+ud

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `ete ca anye ca bahavaḥ`

फल्गुनेन (phalgunena) - by Arjuna (by Arjuna (Phalguna))

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of phalguna

phalguna - Arjuna (a name for Arjuna, meaning 'born in Phalguna month' or 'reddish')

Note: Agent of rescuing (`samuddhṛtāḥ`)

निमग्नाः (nimagnāḥ) - immersed (submerged, drowned, immersed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nimagna

nimagna - submerged, immersed, drowned

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root MAJJ (मज्ज्) with upasarga NI (नि), and suffix -ta (Majj changes to magna)

Prefix: ni

Root: majj (class 6)

Note: Agrees with `ete ca anye ca bahavaḥ`

शोकसागरे (śokasāgare) - in the ocean of sorrow (in the ocean of sorrow, in the sea of grief)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of śokasāgara

śokasāgara - ocean of sorrow

Compound type : tatpurusha (śoka+sāgara)

• śoka – sorrow, grief, distress
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śuc (class 1)
• sāgara – ocean, sea
  noun (masculine)

Note: Location where they were immersed