महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-80, verse-24

साहं केशग्रहं प्राप्ता परिक्लिष्टा सभां गता ।
पश्यतां पाण्डुपुत्राणां त्वयि जीवति केशव ॥२४॥

24. sāhaṁ keśagrahaṁ prāptā parikliṣṭā sabhāṁ gatā ,
paśyatāṁ pāṇḍuputrāṇāṁ tvayi jīvati keśava.

24. sā aham keśagraham prāptā parikliṣṭā sabhām
gatā paśyatām pāṇḍuputrāṇām tvayi jīvati keśava

24. I, being such a person, was subjected to the seizure of my hair, severely tormented, and dragged into the assembly. All this happened while the sons of Pāṇḍu were watching, and while you, Keśava, were alive.

Words meanings summery:

• सा (sā) - (referring to herself, Draupadī, as a respected queen) (she, such)

• अहम् (aham) - Draupadī (the speaker) (I)

• केशग्रहम् (keśagraham) - seizure of hair, being grabbed by the hair

• प्राप्ता (prāptā) - attained, experienced

• परिक्लिष्टा (parikliṣṭā) - greatly distressed, afflicted, tormented

• सभाम् (sabhām) - to the assembly, to the court

• गता (gatā) - gone, arrived

• पश्यताम् (paśyatām) - while the Pāṇḍavas were watching (of those seeing, while seeing)

• पाण्डुपुत्राणाम् (pāṇḍuputrāṇām) - of the sons of Pāṇḍu

• त्वयि (tvayi) - when you (Keśava) are present/alive (in you, upon you, when you are)

• जीवति (jīvati) - while you (Keśava) are alive (living, being alive)

• केशव (keśava) - O Keśava (name of Kṛṣṇa)

Words meanings and morphology

सा (sā) - (referring to herself, Draupadī, as a respected queen) (she, such)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Feminine nominative singular.

Note: Used idiomatically as 'such a one (as I am)'.

अहम् (aham) - Draupadī (the speaker) (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Nominative singular of 'asmad'.

केशग्रहम् (keśagraham) - seizure of hair, being grabbed by the hair

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of keśagraha

keśagraha - hair-seizure, grabbing by the hair (a grave insult)

Tatpurusha compound: keśa (hair) + graha (seizing).

Compound type : tatpurusha (keśa+graha)

• keśa – hair
  noun (masculine)
• graha – seizing, gripping, taking
  noun (masculine)
  Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Refers to the action suffered by Draupadī.

प्राप्ता (prāptā) - attained, experienced

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prāpta

prāpta - obtained, reached, experienced, acquired

Past Passive Participle

Formed from 'pra-āp' (to obtain, reach).

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

परिक्लिष्टा (parikliṣṭā) - greatly distressed, afflicted, tormented

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of parikliṣṭa

parikliṣṭa - greatly troubled, distressed, afflicted, tormented

Past Passive Participle

From 'pari-kliś' (to suffer, to distress). 'pari-' (completely, thoroughly).

Prefix: pari

Root: kliś (class 1)

सभाम् (sabhām) - to the assembly, to the court

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sabhā

sabhā - assembly, court, council, house

Note: Indicates direction 'to the assembly'.

गता (gatā) - gone, arrived

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of gata

gata - gone, arrived, gone to, obtained

Past Passive Participle

From root 'gam' (to go) with suffix 'kta'.

Root: gam (class 1)

पश्यताम् (paśyatām) - while the Pāṇḍavas were watching (of those seeing, while seeing)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of paśyat

paśyat - seeing, looking

Present Active Participle

From root 'dṛś' (to see) with active participle suffix '-at', using 'paśya' stem.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

पाण्डुपुत्राणाम् (pāṇḍuputrāṇām) - of the sons of Pāṇḍu

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pāṇḍuputra

pāṇḍuputra - son of Pāṇḍu

Tatpurusha compound: Pāṇḍu (proper noun) + putra (son).

Compound type : tatpurusha (pāṇḍu+putra)

• pāṇḍu – Pāṇḍu
  proper noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

Note: The genitive 'paśyatām pāṇḍuputrāṇām' forms a genitive absolute construction here.

त्वयि (tvayi) - when you (Keśava) are present/alive (in you, upon you, when you are)

(pronoun)

Locative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Locative singular of 'yuṣmad'.

जीवति (jīvati) - while you (Keśava) are alive (living, being alive)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of jīvat

jīvat - living, alive

Present Active Participle

From root 'jīv' (to live) with active participle suffix '-at'.

Root: jīv (class 1)

केशव (keśava) - O Keśava (name of Kṛṣṇa)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of keśava

keśava - Keśava (an epithet of Kṛṣṇa, often interpreted as 'one with beautiful hair' or 'slayer of the demon Keśī')