महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-80, verse-12

न हि साम्ना न दानेन शक्योऽर्थस्तेषु कश्चन ।
तस्मात्तेषु न कर्तव्या कृपा ते मधुसूदन ॥१२॥

12. na hi sāmnā na dānena śakyo'rthasteṣu kaścana ,
tasmātteṣu na kartavyā kṛpā te madhusūdana.

12. na hi sāmnā na dānena śakyaḥ arthaḥ teṣu kaścana
tasmāt teṣu na kartavyā kṛpā te madhusūdana

12. Indeed, no objective can be achieved with them through conciliation or through gifts. Therefore, O Madhusūdana, you should not show any compassion (kṛpā) towards them.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• साम्ना (sāmnā) - by conciliation, by peaceful means

• न (na) - not, nor

• दानेन (dānena) - by gift, by generosity

• शक्यः (śakyaḥ) - possible, capable, able to be done

• अर्थः (arthaḥ) - any objective (purpose, objective, meaning, wealth)

• तेषु (teṣu) - with them (the Dhṛtarāṣṭras) (in them, among them, towards them)

• कश्चन (kaścana) - any (objective) (any, someone, anyone)

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

• तेषु (teṣu) - towards them (the Dhṛtarāṣṭras) (in them, among them, towards them)

• न (na) - not, no

• कर्तव्या (kartavyā) - compassion should not be shown (should be done, ought to be shown)

• कृपा (kṛpā) - compassion, pity, mercy

• ते (te) - by you (Kṛṣṇa) (by you, to you)

• मधुसूदन (madhusūdana) - O Madhusūdana (epithet for Kṛṣṇa) (O Madhusūdana)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

साम्ना (sāmnā) - by conciliation, by peaceful means

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of sāman

sāman - conciliation, mildness, peace, Sāma Veda

न (na) - not, nor

(indeclinable)

दानेन (dānena) - by gift, by generosity

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of dāna

dāna - gift, giving, donation, generosity

Root: dā (class 3)

शक्यः (śakyaḥ) - possible, capable, able to be done

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakya

śakya - possible, practicable, able to be done, capable of

gerundive

gerundive (kṛtya) from root śak- (to be able)

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'arthaḥ'

अर्थः (arthaḥ) - any objective (purpose, objective, meaning, wealth)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - aim, purpose, object, meaning, wealth

तेषु (teṣu) - with them (the Dhṛtarāṣṭras) (in them, among them, towards them)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the Dhṛtarāṣṭras or enemies in general

कश्चन (kaścana) - any (objective) (any, someone, anyone)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaścana

kaścana - anyone, someone, any, whatever

formed from kim (who/what) + ca + na

Note: Used here to emphasize 'any' in a negative context, i.e., 'no objective whatsoever'

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

(indeclinable)

तेषु (teṣu) - towards them (the Dhṛtarāṣṭras) (in them, among them, towards them)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the Dhṛtarāṣṭras or enemies in general

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

कर्तव्या (kartavyā) - compassion should not be shown (should be done, ought to be shown)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kartavya

kartavya - to be done, to be made, proper to be done

gerundive

gerundive (kṛtya) from root kṛ- (to do, make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with 'kṛpā'

कृपा (kṛpā) - compassion, pity, mercy

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kṛpā

kṛpā - compassion, pity, mercy, tenderness

ते (te) - by you (Kṛṣṇa) (by you, to you)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Enclitic form of the pronoun 'you'

मधुसूदन (madhusūdana) - O Madhusūdana (epithet for Kṛṣṇa) (O Madhusūdana)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of madhusūdana

madhusūdana - slayer of Madhu (demon), an epithet of Viṣṇu/Kṛṣṇa

Compound type : upapada-samāsa (madhu+sūdana)

• madhu – honey, sweet, (name of a demon)
  noun (neuter)
• sūdana – slayer, destroyer
  noun (masculine)
  Root: sūd (class 10)