महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-267, verse-44

तेनोपायेन काकुत्स्थः सेतुबन्धमकारयत् ।
दशयोजनविस्तारमायतं शतयोजनम् ॥४४॥

44. tenopāyena kākutsthaḥ setubandhamakārayat ,
daśayojanavistāramāyataṁ śatayojanam.

44. tena upāyena kākutsthaḥ setubandham akārayat
daśayojanavistāram āyatam śatayojanam

44. By that method, Rama (kākutstha) had a bridge constructed, which was ten yojanas in width and a hundred yojanas in length.

Words meanings summery:

• तेन (tena) - by that, with that

• उपायेन (upāyena) - by means, by method, by device

• काकुत्स्थः (kākutsthaḥ) - Rama (descendant of Kakutstha)

• सेतुबन्धम् (setubandham) - bridge construction, building of a bridge

• अकारयत् (akārayat) - caused to be made, had built

• दशयोजनविस्तारम् (daśayojanavistāram) - ten yojanas in width

• आयतम् (āyatam) - long, extended

• शतयोजनम् (śatayojanam) - a hundred yojanas (long)

Words meanings and morphology

तेन (tena) - by that, with that

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to the 'means' (upāyena) previously mentioned (Rama's instruction to Nala).

उपायेन (upāyena) - by means, by method, by device

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of upāya

upāya - means, method, expedient, approach, device

From prefix 'upa' and root '√i' (to go). 'Going near', 'approach'.

Prefix: upa

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Used instrumentally to express the means by which the bridge was built.

काकुत्स्थः (kākutsthaḥ) - Rama (descendant of Kakutstha)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kākutstha

kākutstha - descendant of Kakutstha, a patronymic, epithet of Rama

Derived from Kakutstha, an ancient king of the Ikshvaku dynasty.

Note: Subject of 'akārayat'.

सेतुबन्धम् (setubandham) - bridge construction, building of a bridge

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of setubandha

setubandha - construction of a bridge, bridge-building, a dam

Compound of 'setu' (bridge) and 'bandha' (binding, construction).

Compound type : tatpurusha (setu+bandha)

• setu – bridge, causeway, dam
  noun (masculine)
  Root: si (class 5)
• bandha – binding, fettering, tying, construction
  noun (masculine)
  From √bandh (to bind).
  Root: bandh (class 9)

Note: Object of 'akārayat'.

अकारयत् (akārayat) - caused to be made, had built

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (luṅ) of kṛ

Imperfect active, Causal

Imperfect (luṅ) form of the causal stem 'kāray' from √kṛ. Third person singular.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Causal verb.

दशयोजनविस्तारम् (daśayojanavistāram) - ten yojanas in width

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of daśayojanavistāra

daśayojanavistāra - having a width of ten yojanas, ten yojanas wide

Bahuvrīhi compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (daśa+yojana+vistāra)

• daśa – ten
  numeral
• yojana – a measure of distance (approx. 8-15 km), yoke, stage
  noun (neuter)
  From √yuj (to yoke, join).
  Root: yuj (class 7)
• vistāra – width, breadth, extent, expansion
  noun (masculine)
  From 'vi' + '√stṛ' (to spread).
  Prefix: vi
  Root: stṛ (class 5)

Note: Accusative because it qualifies 'setubandham'.

आयतम् (āyatam) - long, extended

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āyata

āyata - long, extended, stretched, broad

Past Passive Participle

From 'ā' + '√yam' (to stretch).

Prefix: ā

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Accusative because it qualifies 'setubandham'.

शतयोजनम् (śatayojanam) - a hundred yojanas (long)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śatayojana

śatayojana - a hundred yojanas long, having a hundred yojanas

Bahuvrīhi compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śata+yojana)

• śata – hundred
  numeral (neuter)
• yojana – a measure of distance (approx. 8-15 km), yoke, stage
  noun (neuter)
  From √yuj (to yoke, join).
  Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Accusative because it qualifies 'setubandham'.