महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-267, verse-12

उत्पतन्तः पतन्तश्च प्लवमानाश्च वानराः ।
उद्धुन्वन्तोऽपरे रेणून्समाजग्मुः समन्ततः ॥१२॥

12. utpatantaḥ patantaśca plavamānāśca vānarāḥ ,
uddhunvanto'pare reṇūnsamājagmuḥ samantataḥ.

12. utpatantaḥ patantaḥ ca plavamānāḥ ca vānarāḥ
uddhunvantaḥ apare reṇūn samājagmuḥ samantataḥ

12. The monkeys (vānarā), leaping up, falling down, and bounding, while others raised dust clouds, converged from all directions.

Words meanings summery:

• उत्पतन्तः (utpatantaḥ) - (monkeys) leaping upwards (leaping up, flying up, rising)

• पतन्तः (patantaḥ) - (monkeys) falling down (from their leaps) (falling, descending, flying)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• प्लवमानाः (plavamānāḥ) - (monkeys) bounding or leaping (jumping, leaping, swimming, floating)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• वानराः (vānarāḥ) - the monkeys (referring to the army of monkeys) (monkeys)

• उद्धुवन्तः (uddhuvantaḥ) - (monkeys) raising dust (shaking up, causing to rise, agitating)

• अपरे (apare) - some other (monkeys) (others, some others)

• रेणून् (reṇūn) - clouds of dust (dust particles, pollen, fine powder)

• समाजग्मुः (samājagmuḥ) - they (the monkeys) converged (they came together, gathered, assembled)

• समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - from all directions (from all sides, all around, everywhere)

Words meanings and morphology

उत्पतन्तः (utpatantaḥ) - (monkeys) leaping upwards (leaping up, flying up, rising)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of utpatat

utpatat - leaping up, flying up, rising

Present Active Participle

From ut + root pat (to fall, fly) with suffix śatṛ.

Prefix: ut

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Describes the monkeys.

पतन्तः (patantaḥ) - (monkeys) falling down (from their leaps) (falling, descending, flying)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of patat

patat - falling, flying, descending

Present Active Participle

From root pat (to fall, fly) with suffix śatṛ.

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Describes the monkeys.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

प्लवमानाः (plavamānāḥ) - (monkeys) bounding or leaping (jumping, leaping, swimming, floating)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of plavamāna

plavamāna - jumping, leaping, swimming, floating

Present Middle Participle

From root plu (to jump, swim, float) with suffix śānac.

Root: plu (class 1)

Note: Describes the monkeys.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

वानराः (vānarāḥ) - the monkeys (referring to the army of monkeys) (monkeys)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vānara

vānara - monkey, ape (lit. 'belonging to the forest')

From vana (forest) + aṇ suffix.

Note: Subject of the sentence.

उद्धुवन्तः (uddhuvantaḥ) - (monkeys) raising dust (shaking up, causing to rise, agitating)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of uddhuvant

uddhuvant - shaking up, causing to rise, agitating

Present Active Participle

From ud + root dhu (to shake) with suffix śatṛ.

Prefix: ud

Root: dhu (class 5)

Note: Refers to a subset of monkeys, qualifying 'apare'.

अपरे (apare) - some other (monkeys) (others, some others)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of apara

apara - other, another, subsequent

रेणून् (reṇūn) - clouds of dust (dust particles, pollen, fine powder)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of reṇu

reṇu - dust, pollen, fine powder

Root: reṇ

Note: Object of 'uddhuvantaḥ'.

समाजग्मुः (samājagmuḥ) - they (the monkeys) converged (they came together, gathered, assembled)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of samāgam

Perfect tense, 3rd plural

From sam + ā + root gam (to go). Perfect tense, Parasmaipada, 3rd person, plural.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: The main verb for vānarāḥ.

समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - from all directions (from all sides, all around, everywhere)

(indeclinable)

From samanta (all around) + tas suffix (indicating origin/direction).

Previous Verse Next Verse