महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-267, verse-16

मुखमासीत्तु सैन्यस्य हनूमान्मारुतात्मजः ।
जघनं पालयामास सौमित्रिरकुतोभयः ॥१६॥

16. mukhamāsīttu sainyasya hanūmānmārutātmajaḥ ,
jaghanaṁ pālayāmāsa saumitrirakutobhayaḥ.

16. mukham āsīt tu sainyasya hanūmān mārutātmajaḥ
jaghanam pālayāmāsa saumitriḥ akutobhayaḥ

16. Indeed, Hanūmān, the son of the wind-god (mārutātmaja), was at the front of the army, while Saumitri (Lakṣmaṇa), who was fearless, protected the rear.

16. הַנוּמָאן, בן הרוח, היה בחזית הצבא, וסַאוּמִיטְרִי (לַקְשְׁמַנַה), שאינו חושש משום כיוון, שמר על מאסף הצבא.

Words meanings summery:

• मुखम् (mukham) - the front, the face

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• सैन्यस्य (sainyasya) - of the army

• हनूमान् (hanūmān) - Hanūmān

• मारुतात्मजः (mārutātmajaḥ) - son of Maruta, son of the wind-god

• जघनम् (jaghanam) - the rear, the hind part

• पालयामास (pālayāmāsa) - he protected

• सौमित्रिः (saumitriḥ) - Saumitri (Lakṣmaṇa)

• अकुतोभयः (akutobhayaḥ) - fearless, having no fear from anywhere

Words meanings and morphology

मुखम् (mukham) - the front, the face

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mukha

mukha - face, mouth, front, opening

आसीत् (āsīt) - was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of as

Imperfect form

Root: as (class 2)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

सैन्यस्य (sainyasya) - of the army

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of sainya

sainya - army, host

हनूमान् (hanūmān) - Hanūmān

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hanūmat

hanūmat - Hanūmān (name of a monkey chief, son of Vāyu)

मारुतात्मजः (mārutātmajaḥ) - son of Maruta, son of the wind-god

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mārutātmaja

mārutātmaja - son of Maruta, son of the wind-god

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (māruta+ātmaja)

• māruta – relating to Marut, wind-god
  noun (masculine)
• ātmaja – self-born, son, daughter
  noun (masculine)

जघनम् (jaghanam) - the rear, the hind part

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jaghana

jaghana - hip, buttock, rear, hind part

पालयामास (pālayāmāsa) - he protected

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of pālayāmāsa

Periphrastic Perfect form

from causative of √pāl (or from √pṛ, 2nd class) with perfect of as

Root: pāl (class 10)

सौमित्रिः (saumitriḥ) - Saumitri (Lakṣmaṇa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saumitri

saumitri - son of Sumitrā, Lakṣmaṇa

अकुतोभयः (akutobhayaḥ) - fearless, having no fear from anywhere

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of akutobhaya

akutobhaya - fearless, having no fear from any quarter

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (akutaḥ+bhaya)

• akutaḥ – from nowhere, from no quarter
  indeclinable
• bhaya – fear, alarm, danger
  noun (neuter)

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