महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-267, verse-23

ततो दाशरथिः श्रीमान्सुग्रीवं प्रत्यभाषत ।
मध्ये वानरमुख्यानां प्राप्तकालमिदं वचः ॥२३॥

23. tato dāśarathiḥ śrīmānsugrīvaṁ pratyabhāṣata ,
madhye vānaramukhyānāṁ prāptakālamidaṁ vacaḥ.

23. tataḥ dāśarathiḥ śrīmān sugrīvaṃ prati abhāṣata
madhye vānarāmukhyānām prāptakālam idam vacaḥ

23. Then, the illustrious Rama, son of Daśaratha, spoke these timely words to Sugriva, amidst the chief of the monkeys.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, afterwards

• दाशरथिः (dāśarathiḥ) - son of Daśaratha, Rama

• श्रीमान् (śrīmān) - glorious, illustrious, prosperous, endowed with beauty

• सुग्रीवं (sugrīvaṁ) - Sugriva (name of the monkey king)

• प्रति (prati) - towards (used as a preverb with 'abhāṣata' to mean 'addressed') (towards, against, in return)

• अभाषत (abhāṣata) - he spoke, he addressed

• मध्ये (madhye) - in the middle of, amidst

• वानरामुख्यानाम् (vānarāmukhyānām) - of the chief monkeys, of the leaders of the monkeys

• प्राप्तकालम् (prāptakālam) - timely, appropriate, suitable for the occasion

• इदम् (idam) - this, these

• वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, saying

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, afterwards

(indeclinable)

दाशरथिः (dāśarathiḥ) - son of Daśaratha, Rama

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dāśarathi

dāśarathi - son of Daśaratha, Rama

Formed by patronymic suffix -i from Daśaratha.

श्रीमान् (śrīmān) - glorious, illustrious, prosperous, endowed with beauty

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrīmat

śrīmat - glorious, illustrious, prosperous, beautiful

सुग्रीवं (sugrīvaṁ) - Sugriva (name of the monkey king)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sugrīva

sugrīva - Sugriva (name of the monkey king)

प्रति (prati) - towards (used as a preverb with 'abhāṣata' to mean 'addressed') (towards, against, in return)

(indeclinable)

अभाषत (abhāṣata) - he spoke, he addressed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhāṣ

Root bhāṣ (1st conj., ātmanepada) in Imperfect Tense.

Prefix: prati

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

मध्ये (madhye) - in the middle of, amidst

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of madhya

madhya - middle, center, midst

वानरामुख्यानाम् (vānarāmukhyānām) - of the chief monkeys, of the leaders of the monkeys

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vānarāmukhya

vānarāmukhya - chief monkey, leader of monkeys

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vānara+mukhya)

• vānara – monkey, ape
  noun (masculine)
• mukhya – chief, principal, foremost
  adjective (masculine)

प्राप्तकालम् (prāptakālam) - timely, appropriate, suitable for the occasion

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of prāptakāla

prāptakāla - timely, opportune, appropriate time

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (prāpta+kāla)

• prāpta – obtained, gained, reached
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root āp (to obtain) with prefix pra.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: āp (class 5)
• kāla – time, occasion, proper time
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'vacaḥ'.

इदम् (idam) - this, these

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, these

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to 'vacaḥ'.

वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, saying

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying

Root: vac (class 2)