महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-267, verse-28

नावो न सन्ति सेनाया बह्व्यस्तारयितुं तथा ।
वणिजामुपघातं च कथमस्मद्विधश्चरेत् ॥२८॥

28. nāvo na santi senāyā bahvyastārayituṁ tathā ,
vaṇijāmupaghātaṁ ca kathamasmadvidhaścaret.

28. nāvaḥ na santi senāyāḥ bahvyaḥ tārayitum tathā
vaṇijām upaghātam ca katham asmadvidhaḥ caret

28. There are not many boats available in the army to ferry [us] across in such a manner. Furthermore, how can someone like us inflict harm upon merchants?

28. אין ספינות רבות מספיק כדי להעביר את הצבא, וגם איך אדם כמוני ינהג כך שיפגע בסוחרים (בהחרמת ספינותיהם)?

Words meanings summery:

• नावः (nāvaḥ) - boats (boats, ships)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• सन्ति (santi) - are available (are, exist)

• सेनायाः (senāyāḥ) - of the army

• बह्व्यः (bahvyaḥ) - many (many, numerous)

• तारयितुम् (tārayitum) - to ferry across (to cause to cross, to ferry across)

• तथा (tathā) - in such a manner (thus, so, in that manner, also)

• वणिजाम् (vaṇijām) - of merchants (of merchants, traders)

• उपघातम् (upaghātam) - harm (harm, injury, destruction, hindrance)

• च (ca) - and, furthermore (and, also)

• कथम् (katham) - how (how, why)

• अस्मद्विधः (asmadvidhaḥ) - someone like us (referring to those who uphold dharma) (one like us, of our kind)

• चरेत् (caret) - should act (i.e., cause harm) (should act, should do, should behave)

Words meanings and morphology

नावः (nāvaḥ) - boats (boats, ships)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of nau

nau - boat, ship

Stem ends in a diphthong.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

सन्ति (santi) - are available (are, exist)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (lat) of as

Present active indicative

From root √as (to be).

Root: as (class 2)

सेनायाः (senāyāḥ) - of the army

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of senā

senā - army, host, military force

बह्व्यः (bahvyaḥ) - many (many, numerous)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of bahu

bahu - much, many, numerous, abundant

Note: Agrees with nāvaḥ.

तारयितुम् (tārayitum) - to ferry across (to cause to cross, to ferry across)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive of the causative

Derived from causative stem of root √tṝ (to cross) + tumun suffix.

Root: tṝ (class 1)

तथा (tathā) - in such a manner (thus, so, in that manner, also)

(indeclinable)

वणिजाम् (vaṇijām) - of merchants (of merchants, traders)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vaṇij

vaṇij - merchant, trader

उपघातम् (upaghātam) - harm (harm, injury, destruction, hindrance)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of upaghāta

upaghāta - harm, injury, destruction, attack, hindrance

From upa + root han (to strike/kill) + gha suffix.

Prefix: upa

Root: han (class 2)

च (ca) - and, furthermore (and, also)

(indeclinable)

कथम् (katham) - how (how, why)

(indeclinable)

अस्मद्विधः (asmadvidhaḥ) - someone like us (referring to those who uphold dharma) (one like us, of our kind)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of asmadvidha

asmadvidha - like us, of our kind, resembling us

Compound with asmad (us) and vidha (kind, sort).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (asmad+vidha)

• asmad – us, we
  pronoun
• vidha – kind, sort, type, manner
  noun (masculine)

चरेत् (caret) - should act (i.e., cause harm) (should act, should do, should behave)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of car

Optative active

From root √car (to move/act).

Root: car (class 1)

Previous Verse Next Verse