महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-213, verse-50

स्वाहा तं दक्षदुहिता प्रथमं कामयत्तदा ।
सा तस्य छिद्रमन्वैच्छच्चिरात्प्रभृति भामिनी ।
अप्रमत्तस्य देवस्य न चापश्यदनिन्दिता ॥५०॥

50. svāhā taṁ dakṣaduhitā prathamaṁ kāmayattadā ,
sā tasya chidramanvaicchaccirātprabhṛti bhāminī ,
apramattasya devasya na cāpaśyadaninditā.

50. svāhā tam dakṣaduhitā prathamam
kāmayat tadā sā tasya chidram anvaicchat
cirātprabhṛti bhāminī apramattasya
devasya na ca apaśyat aninditā

50. Then, Dakṣa's daughter, Svāhā, first desired him (Agni). That beautiful woman had been seeking his weakness for a long time, but the blameless one could find no fault in the vigilant god.

Words meanings summery:

• स्वाहा (svāhā) - Svāhā (Svāhā (name of Dakṣa's daughter, wife of Agni))

• तम् (tam) - him (Agni) (him, that (masc. acc. sg.))

• दक्षदुहिता (dakṣaduhitā) - Dakṣa's daughter (Svāhā) (Dakṣa's daughter)

• प्रथमम् (prathamam) - first (first, at first)

• कामयत् (kāmayat) - desired (him) (desired, wished)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

• सा (sā) - she (Svāhā) (she, that (fem. nom. sg.))

• तस्य (tasya) - his (Agni's) (his, of that (masc. gen. sg.))

• छिद्रम् (chidram) - weak point, fault (hole, fault, weak point, defect)

• अन्वैच्छत् (anvaicchat) - had been seeking (sought, looked for, desired)

• चिरात्प्रभृति (cirātprabhṛti) - for a long time (since a long time, from a long time ago)

• भामिनी (bhāminī) - beautiful woman (Svāhā) (beautiful woman, passionate woman, enraged woman)

• अप्रमत्तस्य (apramattasya) - of the vigilant (god) (of the vigilant, of the unnegligent, of the attentive)

• देवस्य (devasya) - of the god (Agni) (of the god, of the divine one)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• च (ca) - but (and, also)

• अपश्यत् (apaśyat) - could find (saw, perceived, found)

• अनिन्दिता (aninditā) - the blameless one (Svāhā) (blameless, faultless, irreproachable)

Words meanings and morphology

स्वाहा (svāhā) - Svāhā (Svāhā (name of Dakṣa's daughter, wife of Agni))

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of svāhā

svāhā - Svāhā (daughter of Dakṣa, wife of Agni, exclamation uttered at offerings)

तम् (tam) - him (Agni) (him, that (masc. acc. sg.))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Object of kāmayat.

दक्षदुहिता (dakṣaduhitā) - Dakṣa's daughter (Svāhā) (Dakṣa's daughter)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dakṣaduhitṛ

dakṣaduhitṛ - daughter of Dakṣa

Tatpurusha compound: Dakṣa (proper noun) + duhitṛ (daughter).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (dakṣa+duhitṛ)

• dakṣa – Dakṣa (a Prajāpati)
  proper noun (masculine)
• duhitṛ – daughter
  noun (feminine)
  From root √duh 'to milk'.
  Root: √duh (class 2)

Note: In apposition to svāhā.

प्रथमम् (prathamam) - first (first, at first)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of prathama

prathama - first, foremost, primary

Superlative form from pra.

Note: Used adverbially.

कामयत् (kāmayat) - desired (him) (desired, wished)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of √kāmay

Denominative verb from kāma.

Note: Subject is Svāhā.

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

Formed from tad.

सा (sā) - she (Svāhā) (she, that (fem. nom. sg.))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject of anvaicchat.

तस्य (tasya) - his (Agni's) (his, of that (masc. gen. sg.))

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Qualifies chidram.

छिद्रम् (chidram) - weak point, fault (hole, fault, weak point, defect)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of chidra

chidra - hole, fault, defect, weak point, opportunity

From root √chid 'to cut, pierce'.

Root: √chid (class 7)

अन्वैच्छत् (anvaicchat) - had been seeking (sought, looked for, desired)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of √iṣ

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, from root √iṣ (class 6) with prefix anu.

Prefix: anu

Root: √iṣ (class 6)

चिरात्प्रभृति (cirātprabhṛti) - for a long time (since a long time, from a long time ago)

(indeclinable)

Compound of cirāt (from a long time) + prabhṛti (since, from).

Compound type : avyayībhāva (cirāt+prabhṛti)

• cirāt – from a long time, for a long time
  indeclinable
• prabhṛti – from, since, beginning with
  indeclinable
  From root √bhṛ 'to bear' with prefix pra.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: √bhṛ (class 3)

भामिनी (bhāminī) - beautiful woman (Svāhā) (beautiful woman, passionate woman, enraged woman)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhāminī

bhāminī - a beautiful woman, a passionate woman, an angry woman

From root √bhā 'to shine'.

Root: √bhā (class 2)

Note: In apposition to sā (Svāhā).

अप्रमत्तस्य (apramattasya) - of the vigilant (god) (of the vigilant, of the unnegligent, of the attentive)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of apramatta

apramatta - not negligent, careful, vigilant, attentive

Past Passive Participle (negative)

Negative prefix a- with pramatta (from √mad 'to be intoxicated/negligent' with pra).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+pramatta)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negating particle.
• pramatta – negligent, careless, intoxicated
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √mad 'to be intoxicated/negligent' with prefix pra.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: √mad (class 4)

देवस्य (devasya) - of the god (Agni) (of the god, of the divine one)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of deva

deva - god, divine, celestial

From root √div 'to shine'.

Root: √div (class 4)

Note: Qualifies Agni.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Negating particle.

च (ca) - but (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

अपश्यत् (apaśyat) - could find (saw, perceived, found)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of √paś

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, from root √dṛś 'to see' (whose present stem is paśya-).

Root: √dṛś (class 1)

अनिन्दिता (aninditā) - the blameless one (Svāhā) (blameless, faultless, irreproachable)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of aninditā

anindita - not blamed, blameless, irreproachable

Past Passive Participle (negative)

Negative prefix a- with nindita (from √nind 'to blame').

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+nindita)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negating particle.
• nindita – blamed, censured, reproached
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √nind 'to blame'.
  Root: √nind (class 1)

Note: In apposition to sā (Svāhā).