महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-213, verse-30

पर्व चैव चतुर्विंशं तदा सूर्यमुपस्थितम् ।
तथा धर्मगतं रौद्रं सोमं सूर्यगतं च तम् ॥३०॥

30. parva caiva caturviṁśaṁ tadā sūryamupasthitam ,
tathā dharmagataṁ raudraṁ somaṁ sūryagataṁ ca tam.

30. parva ca eva caturviṃśam tadā sūryam upasthitam |
tathā dharmagatam raudram somam sūryagatam ca tam

30. He (Indra) also saw the twenty-fourth conjunction (parvan) which was then near the sun (sūrya). Likewise, he saw that fierce moon (soma), following its natural law (dharma) and entering the sun (i.e., being eclipsed).

Words meanings summery:

• पर्व (parva) - conjunction, node, chapter, festival day

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, precisely

• चतुर्विंशम् (caturviṁśam) - twenty-fourth

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• सूर्यम् (sūryam) - the sun

• उपस्थितम् (upasthitam) - near (approached, present, standing near)

• तथा (tathā) - thus, similarly, likewise

• धर्मगतम् (dharmagatam) - situated in its natural law (dharma), following its intrinsic nature

• रौद्रम् (raudram) - fierce, dreadful, terrible

• सोमम् (somam) - the moon

• सूर्यगतम् (sūryagatam) - eclipsed by the sun (gone into the sun, in the sun, eclipsed by the sun)

• च (ca) - and, also

• तम् (tam) - that

Words meanings and morphology

पर्व (parva) - conjunction, node, chapter, festival day

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of parvan

parvan - knot, joint, section, chapter, festival day (esp. new or full moon)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, just, precisely

(indeclinable)

चतुर्विंशम् (caturviṁśam) - twenty-fourth

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of caturviṃśa

caturviṁśa - twenty-fourth

Note: Modifying 'parva'

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

सूर्यम् (sūryam) - the sun

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sūrya

sūrya - the sun, sun god

उपस्थितम् (upasthitam) - near (approached, present, standing near)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of upasthita

upasthita - approached, present, standing near, at hand

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'sthā' (to stand) with upasarga 'upa' (near)

Prefix: upa

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Modifying 'parva'

तथा (tathā) - thus, similarly, likewise

(indeclinable)

धर्मगतम् (dharmagatam) - situated in its natural law (dharma), following its intrinsic nature

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharmagata

dharmagata - situated in righteousness, acting according to natural law (dharma)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dharma+gata)

• dharma – natural law, intrinsic nature, constitution, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
• gata – gone, arrived at, situated in, moving
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'gam' (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Modifying 'somam'

रौद्रम् (raudram) - fierce, dreadful, terrible

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of raudra

raudra - fierce, terrible, dreadful, belonging to Rudra

Note: Modifying 'somam'

सोमम् (somam) - the moon

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of soma

soma - moon, moon-god, juice of the soma plant

सूर्यगतम् (sūryagatam) - eclipsed by the sun (gone into the sun, in the sun, eclipsed by the sun)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sūryagata

sūryagata - gone into the sun, situated in the sun

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sūrya+gata)

• sūrya – sun
  noun (masculine)
• gata – gone, arrived at, situated in, entered
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'gam' (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Modifying 'somam'

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'somam'