महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-213, verse-45

स भूयश्चिन्तयामास न न्याय्यं क्षुभितोऽस्मि यत् ।
साध्वीः पत्नीर्द्विजेन्द्राणामकामाः कामयाम्यहम् ॥४५॥

45. sa bhūyaścintayāmāsa na nyāyyaṁ kṣubhito'smi yat ,
sādhvīḥ patnīrdvijendrāṇāmakāmāḥ kāmayāmyaham.

45. sa bhūyaḥ cintayāmāsa na nyāyyam kṣubhitaḥ asmi yat
sādhvīḥ patnīḥ dvija-indrāṇām akāmāḥ kāmayāmi aham

45. He thought again, 'It is not proper that I am agitated, because I desire the chaste wives of the chief Brahmins, who are unwilling.'

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - Agni (he, that)

• भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again, further, more

• चिन्तयामास (cintayāmāsa) - he thought, he considered

• न (na) - not, no

• न्याय्यम् (nyāyyam) - proper, just, right, lawful

• क्षुभितः (kṣubhitaḥ) - agitated, disturbed, shaken

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• यत् (yat) - because (that, because, which)

• साध्वीः (sādhvīḥ) - virtuous, chaste, good (fem. pl.)

• पत्नीः (patnīḥ) - wives

• द्विज-इन्द्राणाम् (dvija-indrāṇām) - of the chief Brahmins

• अकामाः (akāmāḥ) - unwilling, not desirous, without desire

• कामयामि (kāmayāmi) - I desire, I long for

• अहम् (aham) - I

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - Agni (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: masculine nominative singular of 'tad'

भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again, further, more

(indeclinable)

Comparative form from 'bhūri' (much, many)

चिन्तयामास (cintayāmāsa) - he thought, he considered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of cint

Perfect tense, third person singular, active voice, from the causative/denominal base 'cintaya'

Root: cit (class 10)

Note: periphrastic perfect (ām-āsa formation)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: negation

न्याय्यम् (nyāyyam) - proper, just, right, lawful

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nyāyya

nyāyya - just, proper, right, suitable

Gerundive

from nyāya (justice, rule)

Note: predicative nominative with 'asmi' (implied 'iti')

क्षुभितः (kṣubhitaḥ) - agitated, disturbed, shaken

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣubhita

kṣubhita - agitated, disturbed, shaken

Past Passive Participle

from root kṣubh (to tremble, to be agitated)

Root: kṣubh (class 4)

Note: predicative nominative agreeing with 'aham' (implied with 'asmi')

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (lat) of as

Present tense, first person singular, active voice

Root: as (class 2)

यत् (yat) - because (that, because, which)

(indeclinable)

Note: causal conjunction

साध्वीः (sādhvīḥ) - virtuous, chaste, good (fem. pl.)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, plural of sādhvī

sādhvī - virtuous, chaste (woman), good, excellent

Note: agreeing with 'patnīḥ'

पत्नीः (patnīḥ) - wives

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of patnī

patnī - wife, mistress of the house

Note: object of 'kāmayāmi'

द्विज-इन्द्राणाम् (dvija-indrāṇām) - of the chief Brahmins

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dvija-indra

dvija-indra - chief of the twice-born, chief Brahmin

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvija+indra)

• dvija – twice-born (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya), bird, tooth
  noun (masculine)
• indra – Indra (king of gods), chief, excellent
  noun (masculine)

Note: possessing the wives

अकामाः (akāmāḥ) - unwilling, not desirous, without desire

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, plural of akāma

akāma - without desire, unwilling, not desirous

Compound type : bahuvrīhi / avyayībhāva (a+kāma)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• kāma – desire, love
  noun (masculine)

Note: agreeing with 'patnīḥ'

कामयामि (kāmayāmi) - I desire, I long for

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (lat) of kam

Present tense, first person singular, active voice (from denominal/causative base)

Root: kam (class 10)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me, my (first person pronoun)

Note: subject of 'kāmayāmi' and 'asmi'