महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-44, verse-48

गान्धार्या चाभ्यनुज्ञाताः कृतपादाभिवन्दनाः ।
जनन्या समुपाघ्राताः परिष्वक्ताश्च ते नृपम् ।
चक्रुः प्रदक्षिणं सर्वे वत्सा इव निवारणे ॥४८॥

48. gāndhāryā cābhyanujñātāḥ kṛtapādābhivandanāḥ ,
jananyā samupāghrātāḥ pariṣvaktāśca te nṛpam ,
cakruḥ pradakṣiṇaṁ sarve vatsā iva nivāraṇe.

48. gāndharyā ca abhyanujñātāḥ
kṛta-pāda-abhivandanāḥ | jananyā samupāghrātāḥ
pariṣvaktāḥ ca te nṛpam | cakruḥ
pradakṣiṇaṃ sarve vatsāḥ iva nivāraṇe

48. ca gāndharyā kṛtapādābhivandanāḥ abhyanujñātāḥ jananyā samupāghrātāḥ ca pariṣvaktāḥ te sarve nṛpam pradakṣiṇaṃ cakruḥ,
vatsāḥ iva nivāraṇe

48. And they, having performed obeisance at Gāndhārī's feet and received her permission, and having been kissed on the head and embraced by the venerable mother, all circumambulated the king like calves at an enclosure (or, at the point of departure).

Words meanings summery:

• गान्धर्या (gāndharyā) - by Gāndhārī

• च (ca) - and, also

• अभ्यनुज्ञाताः (abhyanujñātāḥ) - the Pandavas having been permitted (by Gāndhārī) (permitted, given leave, assented to)

• कृत-पाद-अभिवन्दनाः (kṛta-pāda-abhivandanāḥ) - the Pandavas, having bowed at the feet (of Gāndhārī) (having performed obeisance at the feet)

• जनन्या (jananyā) - by Gāndhārī, as their venerable mother figure (by mother, by the venerable mother)

• समुपाघ्राताः (samupāghrātāḥ) - the Pandavas, having received a gesture of affection (kiss on the head) from their mother (having been smelled (on the head), having been kissed (on the head))

• परिष्वक्ताः (pariṣvaktāḥ) - the Pandavas, having been embraced by their mother (having been embraced, hugged)

• च (ca) - and, also

• ते (te) - the Pandavas (they)

• नृपम् (nṛpam) - King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (the king)

• चक्रुः (cakruḥ) - they did, they performed

• प्रदक्षिणं (pradakṣiṇaṁ) - a clockwise circumambulation as a sign of respect (circumambulation (clockwise), reverence)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all of them (the Pandavas) (all, every)

• वत्साः (vatsāḥ) - calves, young ones

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• निवारणे (nivāraṇe) - at the enclosure where calves might be kept before being released or moved (at the barrier, in the enclosure, at the point of restraint/departure)

Words meanings and morphology

गान्धर्या (gāndharyā) - by Gāndhārī

(proper noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of gāndhārī

gāndhārī - Gāndhārī (proper name, wife of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

Note: Agent of 'abhyanujñātāḥ'

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अभ्यनुज्ञाताः (abhyanujñātāḥ) - the Pandavas having been permitted (by Gāndhārī) (permitted, given leave, assented to)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of abhyanujñāta

abhyanujñāta - permitted, assented to, allowed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root jñā (to know) with prefixes abhi + anu, suffix kta

Prefixes: abhi+anu

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Qualifies 'te' (the Pandavas)

कृत-पाद-अभिवन्दनाः (kṛta-pāda-abhivandanāḥ) - the Pandavas, having bowed at the feet (of Gāndhārī) (having performed obeisance at the feet)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṛtapādābhivandana

kṛtapādābhivandana - one who has performed obeisance at the feet

Bahuvrīhi compound: kṛta (done) + pāda (foot) + abhivandana (obeisance)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (kṛta+pāda+abhivandana)

• kṛta – done, performed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Root kṛ with suffix kta
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• pāda – foot
  noun (masculine)
• abhivandana – obeisance, salutation, veneration
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root vand (to salute, praise) with prefix abhi and suffix -ana
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: vand (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'te' (the Pandavas)

जनन्या (jananyā) - by Gāndhārī, as their venerable mother figure (by mother, by the venerable mother)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of jananī

jananī - mother, producer, generator

Derived from root jan (to be born)

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Agent of 'samupāghrātāḥ' and 'pariṣvaktāḥ'

समुपाघ्राताः (samupāghrātāḥ) - the Pandavas, having received a gesture of affection (kiss on the head) from their mother (having been smelled (on the head), having been kissed (on the head))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of samupāghrāta

samupāghrāta - smelled at, kissed (on the head, as a sign of affection)

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root ghrā (to smell) with prefixes sam + upa + ā, suffix kta

Prefixes: sam+upa+ā

Root: ghrā (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'te' (the Pandavas)

परिष्वक्ताः (pariṣvaktāḥ) - the Pandavas, having been embraced by their mother (having been embraced, hugged)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pariṣvakta

pariṣvakta - embraced, hugged, clasped

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root svaj (to embrace) with prefix pari, suffix kta

Prefix: pari

Root: svaj (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'te' (the Pandavas)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - the Pandavas (they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the Pandavas

नृपम् (nṛpam) - King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (the king)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler, prince (lit. 'protector of men')

Compound of nṛ (man) and pa (protector, from root pā)

Compound type : tatpurusha (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector, preserver
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root pā (to protect)
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Object of 'cakruḥ'

चक्रुः (cakruḥ) - they did, they performed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of kṛ

perfect

Root kṛ (to do) in perfect, 3rd person plural, active voice

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Subject is 'te' (the Pandavas)

प्रदक्षिणं (pradakṣiṇaṁ) - a clockwise circumambulation as a sign of respect (circumambulation (clockwise), reverence)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pradakṣiṇa

pradakṣiṇa - clockwise circumambulation, turning to the right, respectful salute

Derived from dakṣiṇa (right, southern) with prefix pra

Note: Direct object of 'cakruḥ'

सर्वे (sarve) - all of them (the Pandavas) (all, every)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Note: Qualifies 'te' (the Pandavas)

वत्साः (vatsāḥ) - calves, young ones

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vatsa

vatsa - calf, child, darling

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

निवारणे (nivāraṇe) - at the enclosure where calves might be kept before being released or moved (at the barrier, in the enclosure, at the point of restraint/departure)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of nivāraṇa

nivāraṇa - hindrance, prevention, enclosure, barrier, checking, removal

Derived from root vṛ (to cover, enclose, restrain) with prefix ni

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛ (class 5)