महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-44, verse-33

सर्वे हि भस्मसान्नीता द्रोणेनैकेन संयुगे ।
अवशेषास्तु निहता द्रोणपुत्रेण वै निशि ॥३३॥

33. sarve hi bhasmasānnītā droṇenaikena saṁyuge ,
avaśeṣāstu nihatā droṇaputreṇa vai niśi.

33. sarve hi bhasmasānnītā droṇena ekena saṃyuge
avaśeṣāḥ tu nihatāḥ droṇaputreṇa vai niśi

33. hi sarve ekena droṇena saṃyuge bhasmasānnītāḥ
tu avaśeṣāḥ vai droṇaputreṇa niśi nihatāḥ

33. Indeed, all were turned to ashes by Droṇa alone in battle. The remaining, however, were slain by Droṇa's son during the night.

Words meanings summery:

• सर्वे (sarve) - all (of our warriors) (all, everyone)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because)

• भस्मसान्नीता (bhasmasānnītā) - turned into ashes (reduced to ashes)

• द्रोणेन (droṇena) - by the warrior Droṇa (by Droṇa)

• एकेन (ekena) - by (him) alone (by one, by alone)

• संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle (in battle, in combat)

• अवशेषाः (avaśeṣāḥ) - the remaining (warriors) (the remaining ones, survivors)

• तु (tu) - however (but, however, on the other hand)

• निहताः (nihatāḥ) - were slain (killed, slain)

• द्रोणपुत्रेण (droṇaputreṇa) - by Droṇa's son (Aśvatthāmā) (by Droṇa's son)

• वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, surely)

• निशि (niśi) - during the night (at night, in the night)

Words meanings and morphology

सर्वे (sarve) - all (of our warriors) (all, everyone)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Note: Refers to the warriors.

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because)

(indeclinable)

भस्मसान्नीता (bhasmasānnītā) - turned into ashes (reduced to ashes)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhasmasānnīta

bhasmasānnīta - reduced to ashes, turned into dust

Past Passive Participle

Derived from `nī` (to lead) with `bhasmasāt` (to ashes).

Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `sarve`.

द्रोणेन (droṇena) - by the warrior Droṇa (by Droṇa)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (name of a teacher/warrior), a trough, a measure

Note: Agent of the action.

एकेन (ekena) - by (him) alone (by one, by alone)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, single, alone, unique

Note: Agrees with `droṇena`.

संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle (in battle, in combat)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃyuga

saṁyuga - conjunction, meeting, battle, conflict

Prefix: sam

Root: yuj (class 7)

अवशेषाः (avaśeṣāḥ) - the remaining (warriors) (the remaining ones, survivors)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of avaśeṣa

avaśeṣa - remainder, residue, remnant, surviving

Prefix: ava

Root: śiṣ (class 7)

Note: Subject of the second clause.

तु (tu) - however (but, however, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

निहताः (nihatāḥ) - were slain (killed, slain)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nihata

nihata - killed, slain, struck down

Past Passive Participle

Derived from `han` (to strike, kill) with `ni` prefix.

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

द्रोणपुत्रेण (droṇaputreṇa) - by Droṇa's son (Aśvatthāmā) (by Droṇa's son)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of droṇaputra

droṇaputra - Droṇa's son

Compound type : tatpurusha (droṇa+putra)

• droṇa – Droṇa (name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agent of the action.

वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, surely)

(indeclinable)

निशि (niśi) - during the night (at night, in the night)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of niś

niś - night