महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-44, verse-2

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
तद्दृष्ट्वा महदाश्चर्यं पुत्राणां दर्शनं पुनः ।
वीतशोकः स राजर्षिः पुनराश्रममागमत् ॥२॥

2. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
taddṛṣṭvā mahadāścaryaṁ putrāṇāṁ darśanaṁ punaḥ ,
vītaśokaḥ sa rājarṣiḥ punarāśramamāgamat.

2. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca tat dṛṣṭvā mahat āścaryam putrāṇām
darśanam punaḥ vīta-śokaḥ sa rājarṣiḥ punaḥ āśramam āgamat

2. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca saḥ vīta-śokaḥ rājarṣiḥ tat mahat
āścaryam putrāṇām darśanam punaḥ dṛṣṭvā punaḥ āśramam āgamat

2. Vaiśampāyana said: Having seen that great wonder – the sight of his sons once again – that royal sage became free from sorrow and returned to his hermitage (āśrama).

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśampāyana (the narrator) (Vaiśampāyana)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• तत् (tat) - that (great wonder) (that, it)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen (having seen, after seeing)

• महत् (mahat) - great (great, large, important)

• आश्चर्यम् (āścaryam) - wonder (wonder, surprise, marvel)

• पुत्राणाम् (putrāṇām) - of his sons (of sons, belonging to sons)

• दर्शनम् (darśanam) - the sight (sight, seeing, vision, perception)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, anew, back, further)

• वीत-शोकः (vīta-śokaḥ) - free from sorrow (grief-gone, free from sorrow)

• स (sa) - that (royal sage) (that, he)

• राजर्षिः (rājarṣiḥ) - royal sage (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (royal sage, king-sage)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again (returned) (again, anew, back, further)

• आश्रमम् (āśramam) - his hermitage (āśrama) (hermitage, abode, stage of life)

• आगमत् (āgamat) - returned (went, came, arrived)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśampāyana (the narrator) (Vaiśampāyana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Name of a sage, a disciple of Vyāsa and narrator of the Mahābhārata

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect active

From root √vac (to speak), 3rd person singular, perfect tense, active voice

Root: vac (class 2)

तत् (tat) - that (great wonder) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, it

Neuter singular accusative form

Note: Refers to the 'great wonder'.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen (having seen, after seeing)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root √dṛś (to see), with suffix -tvā

Root: dṛś (class 1)

महत् (mahat) - great (great, large, important)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, important

Note: Qualifies 'āścaryam'.

आश्चर्यम् (āścaryam) - wonder (wonder, surprise, marvel)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of āścarya

āścarya - wonder, astonishment, marvel, surprise

Derived from a-√car (to move, to walk), implying something that 'moves' the mind.

Prefix: ā

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.

पुत्राणाम् (putrāṇām) - of his sons (of sons, belonging to sons)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son, child

दर्शनम् (darśanam) - the sight (sight, seeing, vision, perception)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of darśana

darśana - seeing, sight, vision, appearance, doctrine

From root √dṛś (to see), with suffix -ana

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Acts as the object of 'dṛṣṭvā', referring to 'the sight of his sons'.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, anew, back, further)

(indeclinable)

वीत-शोकः (vīta-śokaḥ) - free from sorrow (grief-gone, free from sorrow)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīta-śoka

vīta-śoka - one from whom sorrow has departed, free from grief

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vīta+śoka)

• vīta – gone, departed, passed away
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √i (to go) with prefix vi-, past passive participle
  Prefix: vi
  Root: i (class 2)
• śoka – sorrow, grief, lamentation
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śuc (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'rājarṣiḥ'.

स (sa) - that (royal sage) (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Masculine singular nominative form

Note: Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra, the 'rājarṣi'.

राजर्षिः (rājarṣiḥ) - royal sage (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (royal sage, king-sage)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājarṣi

rājarṣi - royal sage, a king who is also a sage

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+ṛṣi)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)
• ṛṣi – sage, seer, inspired poet
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ṛṣ (class 6)

Note: Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again (returned) (again, anew, back, further)

(indeclinable)

आश्रमम् (āśramam) - his hermitage (āśrama) (hermitage, abode, stage of life)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āśrama

āśrama - hermitage, retreat, monastic cell, stage of life

Prefix: ā

Root: śram (class 4)

Note: Object of 'āgamat'.

आगमत् (āgamat) - returned (went, came, arrived)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of gam

Imperfect active

From root √gam (to go) with prefix ā-, 3rd person singular, imperfect tense, active voice

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)