महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-44, verse-25

तमुवाचाथ गान्धारी मैवं पुत्र शृणुष्व मे ।
त्वय्यधीनं कुरुकुलं पिण्डश्च श्वशुरस्य मे ॥२५॥

25. tamuvācātha gāndhārī maivaṁ putra śṛṇuṣva me ,
tvayyadhīnaṁ kurukulaṁ piṇḍaśca śvaśurasya me.

25. tam uvāca atha gāndhārī mā evam putra śṛṇuṣva me
tvayi adhīnam kurukulam piṇḍaḥ ca śvaśurasya me

25. atha gāndhārī tam uvāca,
"putra,
mā evam śṛṇuṣva me.
kurukulam ca me śvaśurasya piṇḍaḥ tvayi adhīnam.
"

25. Then Gandhari said to him, "My son, do not act thus; listen to me. The Kuru lineage and the ancestral offerings (piṇḍa) to my father-in-law depend on you."

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him (referring to Duryodhana) (him, that)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

• गान्धारी (gāndhārī) - Gandhari, wife of Dhritarashtra (Gandhari)

• मा (mā) - do not (don't, not)

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• पुत्र (putra) - O son (vocative, addressing Duryodhana) (son)

• शृणुष्व (śṛṇuṣva) - listen (to me) (listen, hear)

• मे (me) - to me (dative/genitive) (to me, my)

• त्वयि (tvayi) - on you (referring to Duryodhana) (in you, on you)

• अधीनम् (adhīnam) - dependent (on you) (dependent, subject to, controlled)

• कुरुकुलम् (kurukulam) - the Kuru lineage, the Kuru family

• पिण्डः (piṇḍaḥ) - ancestral offerings (of cooked rice, etc., to forefathers) (ancestral offering, oblation, lump)

• च (ca) - and

• श्वशुरस्य (śvaśurasya) - of my father-in-law (referring to the ancestors of the Kuru lineage) (of the father-in-law)

• मे (me) - my (belonging to Gandhari) (my, of me)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him (referring to Duryodhana) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that

Note: Refers to Duryodhana.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect (lit) third person singular active

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: From root vac (to speak).

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

(indeclinable)

गान्धारी (gāndhārī) - Gandhari, wife of Dhritarashtra (Gandhari)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of gāndhārī

gāndhārī - Gandhari (proper name, wife of Dhritarashtra)

मा (mā) - do not (don't, not)

(indeclinable)

Prohibitive particle

Note: Used with imperative to express prohibition.

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

पुत्र (putra) - O son (vocative, addressing Duryodhana) (son)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Addressing Duryodhana.

शृणुष्व (śṛṇuṣva) - listen (to me) (listen, hear)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (lot) of śru

Imperative, second person singular, middle voice

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: From root śru (to hear).

मे (me) - to me (dative/genitive) (to me, my)

(pronoun)

singular of mad

mad - I, me, my

Note: Enclitic form of mama (genitive) or mahyam (dative). Here implies 'to me'.

त्वयि (tvayi) - on you (referring to Duryodhana) (in you, on you)

(pronoun)

Locative, singular of tvad

tvad - you

Note: Refers to Duryodhana.

अधीनम् (adhīnam) - dependent (on you) (dependent, subject to, controlled)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of adhīna

adhīna - dependent, subject to, submissive

From adhi + root ī (to go)

Prefix: adhi

Root: ī (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'kurukulam' and 'piṇḍaḥ'.

कुरुकुलम् (kurukulam) - the Kuru lineage, the Kuru family

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kurukula

kurukula - the Kuru family, the Kuru lineage

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kuru+kula)

• kuru – Kuru (name of an ancient king and his dynasty)
  proper noun (masculine)
• kula – family, lineage, race
  noun (neuter)

पिण्डः (piṇḍaḥ) - ancestral offerings (of cooked rice, etc., to forefathers) (ancestral offering, oblation, lump)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of piṇḍa

piṇḍa - lump, ball, ancestral offering (of cooked rice, etc.)

Note: Refers to the offerings made to ancestors to ensure their well-being.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

श्वशुरस्य (śvaśurasya) - of my father-in-law (referring to the ancestors of the Kuru lineage) (of the father-in-law)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śvaśura

śvaśura - father-in-law

Note: Refers to the father of Dhritarashtra, or the male ancestors of the Kuru dynasty generally.

मे (me) - my (belonging to Gandhari) (my, of me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of mad

mad - I, me, my

Note: Modifies 'śvaśurasya'.