महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-83, verse-8

कस्माद्दानं सुवर्णस्य पूजयन्ति मनीषिणः ।
कस्माच्च दक्षिणार्थं तद्यज्ञकर्मसु शस्यते ॥८॥

8. kasmāddānaṁ suvarṇasya pūjayanti manīṣiṇaḥ ,
kasmācca dakṣiṇārthaṁ tadyajñakarmasu śasyate.

8. kasmāt dānam suvarṇasya pūjayanti manīṣiṇaḥ
kasmāt ca dakṣiṇārtham tat yajñakarmasu śasyate

8. Why do wise men honor the giving of gold? And why is that gold commended as an offering (dakṣiṇā) in the performance of Vedic rituals (yajña)?

Words meanings summery:

• कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why (from what, why, for what reason)

• दानम् (dānam) - the act of giving (gift, donation, giving)

• सुवर्णस्य (suvarṇasya) - of gold (of gold, of good color)

• पूजयन्ति (pūjayanti) - they honor, they praise (they honor, they worship, they respect)

• मनीषिणः (manīṣiṇaḥ) - wise men (wise men, thinkers, intelligent people)

• कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why (from what, why, for what reason)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• दक्षिणार्थम् (dakṣiṇārtham) - for the purpose of an offering (dakṣiṇā) (for the sake of an offering, for the ritual fee)

• तत् (tat) - that (gold) (that, it)

• यज्ञकर्मसु (yajñakarmasu) - in Vedic ritual (yajña) ceremonies (in sacrificial rites, in ritual actions)

• शस्यते (śasyate) - it is commended (it is praised, it is commended, it is recited)

Words meanings and morphology

कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why (from what, why, for what reason)

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of kim

kim - what, which, why

Note: Used as an interrogative adverb meaning "why"

दानम् (dānam) - the act of giving (gift, donation, giving)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dāna

dāna - gift, giving, donation

Derived from root "dā" (to give) + suffix "ana"

Root: dā (class 3)

सुवर्णस्य (suvarṇasya) - of gold (of gold, of good color)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of suvarṇa

suvarṇa - gold, having a beautiful color

पूजयन्ति (pūjayanti) - they honor, they praise (they honor, they worship, they respect)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of pūj

Present active indicative

Root pūj, 10th class verb (pūjay-)

Root: pūj (class 10)

Note: Subject is "manīṣiṇaḥ"

मनीषिणः (manīṣiṇaḥ) - wise men (wise men, thinkers, intelligent people)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of manīṣin

manīṣin - wise, intelligent, a thinker

Derived from manas (mind) + īṣ (to wish, desire) + in

Note: Subject of "pūjayanti"

कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why (from what, why, for what reason)

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of kim

kim - what, which, why

Note: Used as an interrogative adverb meaning "why"

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

दक्षिणार्थम् (dakṣiṇārtham) - for the purpose of an offering (dakṣiṇā) (for the sake of an offering, for the ritual fee)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dakṣiṇārtha

dakṣiṇārtha - purpose of a ritual fee (dakṣiṇā), for an offering

Compound of dakṣiṇā (ritual fee) and artha (purpose/meaning)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dakṣiṇā+artha)

• dakṣiṇā – ritual fee, gift, right side
  noun (feminine)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, object
  noun (masculine)

Note: Functions adverbially

तत् (tat) - that (gold) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, he, she

Note: Refers to "suvarṇasya" (gold)

यज्ञकर्मसु (yajñakarmasu) - in Vedic ritual (yajña) ceremonies (in sacrificial rites, in ritual actions)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of yajñakarman

yajñakarman - ritual act, performance of a Vedic ritual (yajña)

Compound of yajña (Vedic ritual) and karman (act, deed)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yajña+karman)

• yajña – Vedic ritual, worship, sacrifice
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root "yaj" (to worship)
  Root: yaj (class 1)
• karman – act, deed, action, (karma)
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root "kṛ" (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

शस्यते (śasyate) - it is commended (it is praised, it is commended, it is recited)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of śaṃs

Present passive indicative

Root śaṃs, passive formation

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

Note: Subject is "tat" (gold)