महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-83, verse-18

साक्षान्नेह मनुष्यस्य पितरोऽन्तर्हिताः क्वचित् ।
गृह्णन्ति विहितं त्वेवं पिण्डो देयः कुशेष्विति ॥१८॥

18. sākṣānneha manuṣyasya pitaro'ntarhitāḥ kvacit ,
gṛhṇanti vihitaṁ tvevaṁ piṇḍo deyaḥ kuśeṣviti.

18. sākṣāt na iha manuṣyasya pitaraḥ antarhitāḥ kvacit
gṛhṇanti vihitam tu evam piṇḍaḥ deyaḥ kuśeṣu iti

18. iha manuṣyasya antarhitāḥ pitaraḥ sākṣāt na kvacit
gṛhṇanti tu evam vihitam gṛhṇanti iti piṇḍaḥ kuśeṣu deyaḥ

18. Ancestors (pitaraḥ), having disappeared, never directly receive a person's offerings here. However, they do accept what is prescribed in this manner: 'The ancestral offering (pinda) should be placed on kusha grass,' thus it is said.

Words meanings summery:

• साक्षात् (sākṣāt) - directly, in person, visibly

• न (na) - not, no

• इह (iha) - here (on earth, in this context) (here, in this world)

• मनुष्यस्य (manuṣyasya) - of a man, of a human being

• पितरः (pitaraḥ) - ancestors (pitaraḥ) (fathers, ancestors)

• अन्तर्हिताः (antarhitāḥ) - having disappeared (from visible sight) (disappeared, concealed, departed)

• क्वचित् (kvacit) - never (when used with 'na') (somewhere, at some time, ever)

• गृह्णन्ति (gṛhṇanti) - they receive (the offering) (they take, they seize, they receive)

• विहितम् (vihitam) - what is prescribed (the ritual offering) (prescribed, enjoined, arranged)

• तु (tu) - however, rather (but, however, indeed, on the other hand)

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• पिण्डः (piṇḍaḥ) - ancestral offering (pinda) (ancestral offering, rice-ball)

• देयः (deyaḥ) - to be given, fit to be given, should be given

• कुशेषु (kuśeṣu) - on kusha grass, in kusha grass

• इति (iti) - thus, so, (marks a quotation or thought)

Words meanings and morphology

साक्षात् (sākṣāt) - directly, in person, visibly

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

इह (iha) - here (on earth, in this context) (here, in this world)

(indeclinable)

मनुष्यस्य (manuṣyasya) - of a man, of a human being

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of manuṣya

manuṣya - man, human being, person

पितरः (pitaraḥ) - ancestors (pitaraḥ) (fathers, ancestors)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, ancestor, progenitor

अन्तर्हिताः (antarhitāḥ) - having disappeared (from visible sight) (disappeared, concealed, departed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of antarhita

antarhita - disappeared, hidden, concealed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root dhā (to place) with the prefix antar (within) and the suffix -ta.

Prefix: antar

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Modifies 'pitaraḥ'.

क्वचित् (kvacit) - never (when used with 'na') (somewhere, at some time, ever)

(indeclinable)

गृह्णन्ति (gṛhṇanti) - they receive (the offering) (they take, they seize, they receive)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of grah

Present Tense

Root 'grah', 9th conjugation.

Root: grah (class 9)

विहितम् (vihitam) - what is prescribed (the ritual offering) (prescribed, enjoined, arranged)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vihita

vihita - enjoined, prescribed, arranged, performed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root dhā (to place, do) with the prefix vi (apart, distinctly).

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Used substantively: 'that which is prescribed'.

तु (tu) - however, rather (but, however, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

पिण्डः (piṇḍaḥ) - ancestral offering (pinda) (ancestral offering, rice-ball)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of piṇḍa

piṇḍa - lump, ball, ancestral offering (of rice), body, anything round

देयः (deyaḥ) - to be given, fit to be given, should be given

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of deya

deya - to be given, proper to be given, due

Gerundive (Passive Future Participle)

Formed from the root dā (to give) with the suffix -ya or -eya.

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Modifies 'piṇḍaḥ'.

कुशेषु (kuśeṣu) - on kusha grass, in kusha grass

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of kuśa

kuśa - kusha grass (Poa cynosuroides), a sacred grass used in Vedic rituals

Note: Indicates the place where the offering should be made.

इति (iti) - thus, so, (marks a quotation or thought)

(indeclinable)