महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-127, verse-47

दक्षिणं च मुखं रौद्रं केनोर्ध्वं कपिला जटाः ।
केन कण्ठश्च ते नीलो बर्हिबर्हनिभः कृतः ॥४७॥

47. dakṣiṇaṁ ca mukhaṁ raudraṁ kenordhvaṁ kapilā jaṭāḥ ,
kena kaṇṭhaśca te nīlo barhibarhanibhaḥ kṛtaḥ.

47. dakṣiṇam ca mukham raudram kena ūrdhvam kapilāḥ jaṭāḥ
| kena kaṇṭhaḥ ca te nīlaḥ barhi-barha-nibhaḥ kṛtaḥ

47. kena dakṣiṇam mukham ca raudram kena te ūrdhvam kapilāḥ
jaṭāḥ kena ca te kaṇṭhaḥ barhi-barha-nibhaḥ nīlaḥ kṛtaḥ

47. And by what means is your southern face fierce? By what means are your tawny matted locks, standing upright? And by what means is your neck made blue, resembling a peacock's feather?

Words meanings summery:

• दक्षिणम् (dakṣiṇam) - southern (face) (southern, right, skillful)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• मुखम् (mukham) - face (face, mouth)

• रौद्रम् (raudram) - fierce (fierce, terrible, belonging to Rudra)

• केन (kena) - by what means (by whom, by what means)

• ऊर्ध्वम् (ūrdhvam) - upward-standing (upward, elevated, above)

• कपिलाः (kapilāḥ) - tawny (tawny, brownish-red)

• जटाः (jaṭāḥ) - matted locks (matted hair, dreadlocks)

• केन (kena) - by what means (by whom, by what means)

• कण्ठः (kaṇṭhaḥ) - neck (neck, throat)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• ते (te) - your (to you, for you, your)

• नीलः (nīlaḥ) - blue (blue, dark blue, indigo)

• बर्हि-बर्ह-निभः (barhi-barha-nibhaḥ) - resembling a peacock's feather

• कृतः (kṛtaḥ) - made (done, made, performed)

Words meanings and morphology

दक्षिणम् (dakṣiṇam) - southern (face) (southern, right, skillful)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dakṣiṇa

dakṣiṇa - southern, right, skillful, sincere

Note: Modifies 'mukham'.

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

मुखम् (mukham) - face (face, mouth)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mukha

mukha - face, mouth, front, chief

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'is' (asti).

रौद्रम् (raudram) - fierce (fierce, terrible, belonging to Rudra)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of raudra

raudra - fierce, terrible, violent; relating to Rudra

Note: Predicate adjective for 'mukham'.

केन (kena) - by what means (by whom, by what means)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Interrogative pronoun.

ऊर्ध्वम् (ūrdhvam) - upward-standing (upward, elevated, above)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially to describe the state of the matted locks.

कपिलाः (kapilāḥ) - tawny (tawny, brownish-red)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of kapila

kapila - tawny, brownish-red, reddish-brown

Note: Modifies 'jaṭāḥ'.

जटाः (jaṭāḥ) - matted locks (matted hair, dreadlocks)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of jaṭā

jaṭā - matted hair, plaited hair, dreadlocks

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'are' (santi).

केन (kena) - by what means (by whom, by what means)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Interrogative pronoun.

कण्ठः (kaṇṭhaḥ) - neck (neck, throat)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaṇṭha

kaṇṭha - neck, throat

Note: Subject of 'kṛtaḥ'.

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - your (to you, for you, your)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular/plural)

Note: Enclitic pronoun, here functioning as genitive (your).

नीलः (nīlaḥ) - blue (blue, dark blue, indigo)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nīla

nīla - blue, dark blue, indigo, blackish

Note: Predicate adjective for 'kaṇṭhaḥ'.

बर्हि-बर्ह-निभः (barhi-barha-nibhaḥ) - resembling a peacock's feather

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of barhi-barha-nibha

barhi-barha-nibha - resembling a peacock's feather

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (barhin+barha+nibha)

• barhin – peacock
  noun (masculine)
• barha – feather, tail feather
  noun (neuter)
• nibha – resembling, like, similar to
  adjective (masculine)
  From root 'bhā' (to shine) with prefix 'ni'.
  Root: bhā (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'kaṇṭhaḥ'.

कृतः (kṛtaḥ) - made (done, made, performed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed, completed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'kṛ' (to do, to make) + 'kta' (past passive participle suffix).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Past Passive Participle, acting as the main verb.