महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-127, verse-40

भगवन्सर्वभूतेश शूलपाणे महाव्रत ।
संशयो मे महाञ्जातस्तं मे व्याख्यातुमर्हसि ॥४०॥

40. bhagavansarvabhūteśa śūlapāṇe mahāvrata ,
saṁśayo me mahāñjātastaṁ me vyākhyātumarhasi.

40. bhagavan sarvabhūteśa śūlapāṇe mahāvrata
saṃśayaḥ me mahān jātaḥ tam me vyākhyātum arhasi

40. bhagavan sarvabhūteśa śūlapāṇe mahāvrata me
mahān saṃśayaḥ jātaḥ tam me vyākhyātum arhasi

40. O Lord (bhagavan), Lord of all beings, bearer of the trident, observer of a great vow! A great doubt has arisen in me; you ought to explain that to me.

Words meanings summery:

• भगवन् (bhagavan) - O Lord Śiva. (O Lord, O revered one)

• सर्वभूतेश (sarvabhūteśa) - O Lord Śiva, as the ruler of all beings. (O Lord of all beings, O Master of all creatures)

• शूलपाणे (śūlapāṇe) - O Śiva, who holds a trident in his hand. (O Trident-bearer)

• महाव्रत (mahāvrata) - O Śiva, who observes a great vow (often referring to his austerity). (O great ascetic, O observer of a great vow)

• संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - a doubt (in the speaker's mind). (doubt, uncertainty)

• मे (me) - in me (a great doubt has arisen). (to me, my, in me)

• महान् (mahān) - a great (doubt). (great, large, mighty)

• जातः (jātaḥ) - has arisen. (born, arisen, produced)

• तम् (tam) - that (doubt). (that, him, it)

• मे (me) - to me (you ought to explain). (to me, my, in me)

• व्याख्यातुम् (vyākhyātum) - to explain (the doubt). (to explain, to describe)

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought to (explain). (you ought to, you are able, you deserve)

Words meanings and morphology

भगवन् (bhagavan) - O Lord Śiva. (O Lord, O revered one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - possessing fortune/splendor, divine, venerable, Lord

present participle from root bhaj, used as adjective/noun

Root: bhaj (class 1)

सर्वभूतेश (sarvabhūteśa) - O Lord Śiva, as the ruler of all beings. (O Lord of all beings, O Master of all creatures)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of sarvabhūteśa

sarvabhūteśa - Lord of all beings, Master of all creatures

Tatpuruṣa compound: sarvabhūta (all beings) + īśa (lord)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarvabhūta+īśa)

• sarvabhūta – all beings, all creatures
  noun (neuter)
  Tatpuruṣa compound: sarva (all) + bhūta (being)
• īśa – lord, master
  noun (masculine)
  derived from root īś (to rule)
  Root: īś (class 2)

शूलपाणे (śūlapāṇe) - O Śiva, who holds a trident in his hand. (O Trident-bearer)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of śūlapāṇi

śūlapāṇi - trident-bearer, an epithet of Śiva

Bahuvrīhi compound: śūla (trident) + pāṇi (hand), meaning 'he who has a trident in hand'

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śūla+pāṇi)

• śūla – spear, trident
  noun (masculine)
• pāṇi – hand
  noun (masculine)

महाव्रत (mahāvrata) - O Śiva, who observes a great vow (often referring to his austerity). (O great ascetic, O observer of a great vow)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahāvrata

mahāvrata - one who observes a great vow/austere practice, a great ascetic

Bahuvrīhi compound: mahā (great) + vrata (vow)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+vrata)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• vrata – vow, religious observance, sacred rule
  noun (neuter)

संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - a doubt (in the speaker's mind). (doubt, uncertainty)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃśaya

saṁśaya - doubt, uncertainty, hesitation

derived from root śī (to lie, rest) with prefix sam

Prefix: sam

Root: śī (class 2)

मे (me) - in me (a great doubt has arisen). (to me, my, in me)

(pronoun)

singular of mad

mad - I

महान् (mahān) - a great (doubt). (great, large, mighty)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty

present participle from root mah (to be great), used as adjective

Root: mah (class 1)

जातः (jātaḥ) - has arisen. (born, arisen, produced)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jāta

jāta - born, arisen, produced

Past Passive Participle

formed from root jan (to be born)

Root: jan (class 4)

तम् (tam) - that (doubt). (that, him, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this

Note: refers to saṃśaya

मे (me) - to me (you ought to explain). (to me, my, in me)

(pronoun)

singular of mad

mad - I

व्याख्यातुम् (vyākhyātum) - to explain (the doubt). (to explain, to describe)

(indeclinable)

infinitive

formed from root khyā (to tell, shine) with upasargas vi and ā

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: khyā (class 2)

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought to (explain). (you ought to, you are able, you deserve)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Present Indicative

Second person singular, active voice, present tense, Parasmaipada

Root: arh (class 1)