महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-127, verse-41

किमर्थं ते ललाटे वै तृतीयं नेत्रमुत्थितम् ।
किमर्थं च गिरिर्दग्धः सपक्षिगणकाननः ॥४१॥

41. kimarthaṁ te lalāṭe vai tṛtīyaṁ netramutthitam ,
kimarthaṁ ca girirdagdhaḥ sapakṣigaṇakānanaḥ.

41. kimartham te lalāṭe vai tṛtīyam netram utthitam
kimartham ca giriḥ dagdhaḥ sapakṣigaṇakānanaḥ

41. kimartham te lalāṭe vai tṛtīyam netram utthitam
ca kimartham sapakṣigaṇakānanaḥ giriḥ dagdhaḥ

41. Why did a third eye appear on your forehead? And why was the mountain, along with its flocks of birds and forests, incinerated?

Words meanings summery:

• किमर्थम् (kimartham) - For what purpose, why

• ते (te) - Your (To you, for you, your)

• ललाटे (lalāṭe) - On the forehead

• वै (vai) - Indeed, surely, truly

• तृतीयम् (tṛtīyam) - Third

• नेत्रम् (netram) - Eye

• उत्थितम् (utthitam) - Arisen, appeared

• किमर्थम् (kimartham) - For what purpose, why

• च (ca) - And (And, also)

• गिरिः (giriḥ) - Mountain, hill

• दग्धः (dagdhaḥ) - Incinerated (Burnt, consumed by fire)

• सपक्षिगणकाननः (sapakṣigaṇakānanaḥ) - With flocks of birds and forests

Words meanings and morphology

किमर्थम् (kimartham) - For what purpose, why

(indeclinable)

Compound type : tatpurusha (kim+artha)

• kim – what, which, why
  pronoun
• artha – purpose, meaning, object, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adverbial use of an accusative form.

ते (te) - Your (To you, for you, your)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tvad

tvad - you

Second person pronoun.

Note: Enclitic form.

ललाटे (lalāṭe) - On the forehead

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of lalāṭa

lalāṭa - forehead

वै (vai) - Indeed, surely, truly

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

तृतीयम् (tṛtīyam) - Third

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tṛtīya

tṛtīya - third

Ordinal number derived from tri (three).

Note: Agrees with netram.

नेत्रम् (netram) - Eye

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of netra

netra - eye, leader

From root nī (to lead).

Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Subject of utthitam.

उत्थितम् (utthitam) - Arisen, appeared

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of utthita

utthita - arisen, standing up, produced

Past Passive Participle

From root sthā with ud.

Prefix: ud

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Predicative participle for netram.

किमर्थम् (kimartham) - For what purpose, why

(indeclinable)

Compound type : tatpurusha (kim+artha)

• kim – what, which, why
  pronoun
• artha – purpose, meaning, object, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adverbial use of an accusative form.

च (ca) - And (And, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

गिरिः (giriḥ) - Mountain, hill

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of giri

giri - mountain, hill, rock

i-stem masculine noun.

Note: Subject of dagdhaḥ.

दग्धः (dagdhaḥ) - Incinerated (Burnt, consumed by fire)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dagdha

dagdha - burnt, scorched, consumed

Past Passive Participle

From root dah (to burn).

Root: dah (class 1)

Note: Predicative participle for giriḥ.

सपक्षिगणकाननः (sapakṣigaṇakānanaḥ) - With flocks of birds and forests

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sapakṣigaṇakānana

sapakṣigaṇakānana - accompanied by bird-flocks and forests

Bahuvrihi compound 'sa' + 'pakṣigaṇakānana'. 'pakṣigaṇakānana' is a Dvandva compound 'pakṣigaṇa' + 'kānana'.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+pakṣigaṇakānana)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
  Prefix/indeclinable often used in Bahuvrihi compounds.
• pakṣigaṇakānana – flock of birds and forest
  noun (masculine)
  Dvanda compound: pakṣigaṇa (flock of birds) and kānana (forest).
• pakṣigaṇa – flock of birds
  noun (masculine)
  Tatpurusha compound: pakṣin (bird) + gaṇa (flock).
• pakṣin – bird, winged creature
  noun (masculine)
• gaṇa – flock, multitude, group
  noun (masculine)
• kānana – forest, grove
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with giriḥ.