महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-328, verse-48

स शापादृषिमुख्यस्य दीर्घं तम उपेयिवान् ।
स हि दीर्घतमा नाम नाम्ना ह्यासीदृषिः पुरा ॥४८॥

48. sa śāpādṛṣimukhyasya dīrghaṁ tama upeyivān ,
sa hi dīrghatamā nāma nāmnā hyāsīdṛṣiḥ purā.

48. sa śāpāt ṛṣimukhyasya dīrghaṃ tamaḥ upeyivān
sa hi dīrghatamā nāma nāmnā hi āsīt ṛṣiḥ purā

48. ṛṣimukhyasya śāpāt sa dīrghaṃ tamaḥ upeyivān.
sa hi ṛṣiḥ purā dīrghatamā nāma āsīt.

48. By the curse of the chief of sages, he fell into a long period of darkness. Indeed, that sage was formerly known by the name Dīrghatamas.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - he, that

• शापात् (śāpāt) - from the curse, due to the curse

• ऋषिमुख्यस्य (ṛṣimukhyasya) - of the chief of sages

• दीर्घं (dīrghaṁ) - long, deep, extended

• तमः (tamaḥ) - darkness, gloom, obscurity

• उपेयिवान् (upeyivān) - having attained, having reached

• स (sa) - he, that

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• दीर्घतमा (dīrghatamā) - Dīrghatamas (proper name)

• नाम (nāma) - by name, called, namely

• नाम्ना (nāmnā) - by name, by appellation

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

• ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - sage, seer

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, anciently, in the past

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

शापात् (śāpāt) - from the curse, due to the curse

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of śāpa

śāpa - curse, imprecation

ऋषिमुख्यस्य (ṛṣimukhyasya) - of the chief of sages

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ṛṣimukhya

ṛṣimukhya - chief of sages

Compound type : tatpurusha (ṛṣi+mukhya)

• ṛṣi – sage, seer, inspired poet
  noun (masculine)
• mukhya – chief, principal, foremost
  adjective (masculine)

दीर्घं (dīrghaṁ) - long, deep, extended

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dīrgha

dīrgha - long, extended, deep

तमः (tamaḥ) - darkness, gloom, obscurity

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tamas

tamas - darkness, gloom, ignorance

उपेयिवान् (upeyivān) - having attained, having reached

(verbal derivative)

स (sa) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

दीर्घतमा (dīrghatamā) - Dīrghatamas (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dīrghatamas

dīrghatamas - Dīrghatamas (name of an ancient sage)

नाम (nāma) - by name, called, namely

(indeclinable)

नाम्ना (nāmnā) - by name, by appellation

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of nāman

nāman - name, appellation, noun

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - sage, seer

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

पुरा (purā) - formerly, anciently, in the past

(indeclinable)