महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-328, verse-43

सूर्यस्य तपतो लोकानग्नेः सोमस्य चाप्युत ।
अंशवो ये प्रकाशन्ते मम ते केशसंज्ञिताः ।
सर्वज्ञाः केशवं तस्मान्मामाहुर्द्विजसत्तमाः ॥४३॥

43. sūryasya tapato lokānagneḥ somasya cāpyuta ,
aṁśavo ye prakāśante mama te keśasaṁjñitāḥ ,
sarvajñāḥ keśavaṁ tasmānmāmāhurdvijasattamāḥ.

43. sūryasya tapataḥ lokān agneḥ somasya
ca api uta aṃśavaḥ ye prakāśante
mama te keśasaṃjñitāḥ sarvajñāḥ
keśavam tasmāt mām āhuḥ dvijasattamāḥ

43. sūryasya tapataḥ agneḥ somasya ca
api uta lokān ye aṃśavaḥ prakāśante
te mama keśasaṃjñitāḥ tasmāt
sarvajñāḥ dvijasattamāḥ mām keśavam āhuḥ

43. The rays that illuminate the worlds, belonging to the burning sun, fire, and also the moon—those are considered my `keśa` (rays/hair). Therefore, the all-knowing best among the twice-born (dvijasattamāḥ) call me Keśava.

Words meanings summery:

• सूर्यस्य (sūryasya) - of the sun (of the sun, belonging to the sun)

• तपतः (tapataḥ) - burning (shining intensely), belonging to (the sun that is) burning (burning, heating, tormenting, shining)

• लोकान् (lokān) - worlds (worlds, people, realms)

• अग्नेः (agneḥ) - of fire (of fire, of Agni (the fire god))

• सोमस्य (somasya) - of the moon (of Soma (the moon, or the intoxicating plant/drink))

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

• उत (uta) - and also (and, also, or, whether)

• अंशवः (aṁśavaḥ) - rays (of light) (rays, beams of light)

• ये (ye) - which (rays) (which, who (masculine plural nominative))

• प्रकाशन्ते (prakāśante) - they illuminate (they shine, they become visible, they illuminate)

• मम (mama) - my (my, of me)

• ते (te) - those (rays) (those (masculine plural nominative))

• केशसंज्ञिताः (keśasaṁjñitāḥ) - called 'keśa' (meaning rays in this context) (named 'keśa', called 'hair' or 'rays')

• सर्वज्ञाः (sarvajñāḥ) - all-knowing (all-knowing, omniscient)

• केशवम् (keśavam) - Keśava (the speaker, Vishnu/Narayana) (Keśava (an epithet of Vishnu/Krishna))

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, thence, from that)

• माम् (mām) - me (the speaker, Vishnu/Narayana) (me)

• आहुः (āhuḥ) - they call (they call, they say, they speak)

• द्विजसत्तमाः (dvijasattamāḥ) - the best among the twice-born (brāhmaṇas) (best among the twice-born)

Words meanings and morphology

सूर्यस्य (sūryasya) - of the sun (of the sun, belonging to the sun)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sūrya

sūrya - sun, the sun god

तपतः (tapataḥ) - burning (shining intensely), belonging to (the sun that is) burning (burning, heating, tormenting, shining)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tapat

tapat - burning, heating, shining, tormenting, performing austerities

present active participle

From root tap (to burn, shine, be hot)

Root: tap (class 1)

लोकान् (lokān) - worlds (worlds, people, realms)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, realm, people, mankind

अग्नेः (agneḥ) - of fire (of fire, of Agni (the fire god))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of agni

agni - fire, the god Agni

सोमस्य (somasya) - of the moon (of Soma (the moon, or the intoxicating plant/drink))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of soma

soma - Soma (the moon, a deity, a plant, its juice)

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

उत (uta) - and also (and, also, or, whether)

(indeclinable)

अंशवः (aṁśavaḥ) - rays (of light) (rays, beams of light)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of aṃśu

aṁśu - ray of light, beam, fibre, point

ये (ye) - which (rays) (which, who (masculine plural nominative))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

प्रकाशन्ते (prakāśante) - they illuminate (they shine, they become visible, they illuminate)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (lat) of pra-kāś

present middle

root kāś (to shine) with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: kāś (class 1)

मम (mama) - my (my, of me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of mad

mad - I, me

ते (te) - those (rays) (those (masculine plural nominative))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

केशसंज्ञिताः (keśasaṁjñitāḥ) - called 'keśa' (meaning rays in this context) (named 'keśa', called 'hair' or 'rays')

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of keśasaṃjñita

keśasaṁjñita - named 'keśa', designated as 'keśa'

past passive participle (saṃjñita) in a compound with keśa

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (keśa+saṃjñita)

• keśa – hair; a ray of light
  noun (masculine)
• saṃjñita – named, designated, called, indicated
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root jñā (to know) with prefix sam (together, completely)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: jñā (class 9)

सर्वज्ञाः (sarvajñāḥ) - all-knowing (all-knowing, omniscient)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarvajña

sarvajña - all-knowing, omniscient

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sarva+jña)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  pronoun
• jña – knowing, acquainted with
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root jñā (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Modifies dvijasattamāḥ.

केशवम् (keśavam) - Keśava (the speaker, Vishnu/Narayana) (Keśava (an epithet of Vishnu/Krishna))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of keśava

keśava - an epithet of Vishnu or Krishna (lit. 'having fine hair' or 'having Keśa as slayer of Keśī demon' or 'having rays')

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, thence, from that)

(indeclinable)

माम् (mām) - me (the speaker, Vishnu/Narayana) (me)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of mad

mad - I, me

आहुः (āhuḥ) - they call (they call, they say, they speak)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of ah

perfect active

root ah (to say), 2nd class, active voice

Root: ah

द्विजसत्तमाः (dvijasattamāḥ) - the best among the twice-born (brāhmaṇas) (best among the twice-born)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dvijasattama

dvijasattama - best among the twice-born

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (dvija+sattama)

• dvija – twice-born (a Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya; or bird, tooth)
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of sat (good, excellent)