महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-328, verse-3

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
शृणु राजन्यथाचष्ट फल्गुनस्य हरिर्विभुः ।
प्रसन्नात्मात्मनो नाम्नां निरुक्तं गुणकर्मजम् ॥३॥

3. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
śṛṇu rājanyathācaṣṭa phalgunasya harirvibhuḥ ,
prasannātmātmano nāmnāṁ niruktaṁ guṇakarmajam.

3. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca śṛṇu rājan yathā ācaṣṭa phalgunasya
hariḥ vibhuḥ prasannātmā ātmanaḥ nāmnām niruktam guṇakarmajam

3. Vaiśampāyana said: "Listen, O King! Hari, the all-pervading (vibhu) Lord, with a pleased mind (ātman), explained to Arjuna the etymology of his own names, which are derived from his qualities and actions (karma)."

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - hear!, listen!

• राजन् (rājan) - O King!

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in what manner

• आचष्ट (ācaṣṭa) - explained, narrated, recounted

• फल्गुनस्य (phalgunasya) - of Arjuna

• हरिः (hariḥ) - Hari (Vishnu)

• विभुः (vibhuḥ) - all-pervading, mighty, Lord

• प्रसन्नात्मा (prasannātmā) - with a pleased self/mind, serene in spirit

• आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of his own (self), of the self

• नाम्नाम् (nāmnām) - of the names

• निरुक्तम् (niruktam) - explanation, etymology

• गुणकर्मजम् (guṇakarmajam) - born from qualities and actions

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśampāyana (name of a sage, a disciple of Vyasa)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

शृणु (śṛṇu) - hear!, listen!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śru

Root: śru (class 5)

राजन् (rājan) - O King!

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in what manner

(indeclinable)

आचष्ट (ācaṣṭa) - explained, narrated, recounted

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of cakṣ

Prefix: ā

Root: cakṣ (class 2)

फल्गुनस्य (phalgunasya) - of Arjuna

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of phalguna

phalguna - Phalguna (an epithet of Arjuna)

हरिः (hariḥ) - Hari (Vishnu)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hari

hari - Hari (an epithet of Vishnu or Krishna), tawny, yellowish, lion

विभुः (vibhuḥ) - all-pervading, mighty, Lord

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vibhu

vibhu - all-pervading, mighty, powerful, lord, sovereign

Prefix: vi

Root: bhū (class 1)

प्रसन्नात्मा (prasannātmā) - with a pleased self/mind, serene in spirit

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prasannātman

prasannātman - one whose self/mind is pleased, serene in spirit

Bahuvrīhi compound: prasanna (pleased) + ātman (self/mind)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (prasanna+ātman)

• prasanna – pleased, clear, bright, propitious
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From pra-sad (to be clear, be pleased)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: sad (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, mind, spirit
  noun (masculine)

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of his own (self), of the self

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence

नाम्नाम् (nāmnām) - of the names

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of nāman

nāman - name, appellation, noun

निरुक्तम् (niruktam) - explanation, etymology

(noun)

neuter, singular of nirukta

nirukta - explained, uttered, etymology (as a noun)

Past Passive Participle (substantivized)

From √vac (to speak) with prefix ni

Prefix: ni

Root: vac (class 2)

गुणकर्मजम् (guṇakarmajam) - born from qualities and actions

(adjective)

neuter, singular of guṇakarmaja

guṇakarmaja - born from qualities and actions, produced by attributes and deeds

Compound: guṇa (quality) + karma (action) + ja (born)

Compound type : dvandva-tatpuruṣa (guṇa+karma+ja)

• guṇa – quality, attribute, virtue
  noun (masculine)
• karma – action, deed, work, ritual
  noun (neuter)
• ja – born, produced from, caused by
  adjective
  Suffix -ja (from √jan, to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)