महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-328, verse-31

ये च शिष्टास्त्रयो भक्ताः फलकामा हि ते मताः ।
सर्वे च्यवनधर्माणः प्रतिबुद्धस्तु श्रेष्ठभाक् ॥३१॥

31. ye ca śiṣṭāstrayo bhaktāḥ phalakāmā hi te matāḥ ,
sarve cyavanadharmāṇaḥ pratibuddhastu śreṣṭhabhāk.

31. ye ca śiṣṭāḥ trayaḥ bhaktāḥ phalakāmāḥ hi te matāḥ
sarve cyavanadharmāṇaḥ pratibuddhaḥ tu śreṣṭhabhāq

31. ca ye śiṣṭāḥ trayaḥ bhaktāḥ hi phalakāmāḥ te matāḥ
sarve cyavanadharmāṇaḥ tu pratibuddhaḥ śreṣṭhabhāq

31. And the three remaining types of devotees (bhakta) are indeed considered to be desirous of results. All of them possess the nature of decline (cyavana-dharma), but the enlightened one (pratibuddha) attains the supreme.

Words meanings summery:

• ये (ye) - who, those who

• च (ca) - and

• शिष्टाः (śiṣṭāḥ) - remaining, left over

• त्रयः (trayaḥ) - three

• भक्ताः (bhaktāḥ) - devotees

• फलकामाः (phalakāmāḥ) - desirous of results

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely

• ते (te) - they

• मताः (matāḥ) - considered, thought

• सर्वे (sarve) - all

• च्यवनधर्माणः (cyavanadharmāṇaḥ) - having the nature (dharma) of falling away or decline

• प्रतिबुद्धः (pratibuddhaḥ) - the enlightened one, awakened

• तु (tu) - but, however

• श्रेष्ठभाq (śreṣṭhabhāq) - partaker of the best, attains the supreme

Words meanings and morphology

ये (ye) - who, those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what, that

Relative pronoun

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

शिष्टाः (śiṣṭāḥ) - remaining, left over

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śiṣṭa

śiṣṭa - remaining, left, remnant, educated, disciplined

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √śiṣ (to remain, to leave) + kta suffix

Root: śiṣ (class 7)

Note: Qualifies 'bhaktāḥ'

त्रयः (trayaḥ) - three

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with 'bhaktāḥ'

भक्ताः (bhaktāḥ) - devotees

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhakta

bhakta - devoted, loyal, adherent, devotee (bhakta)

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √bhaj (to divide, share, worship) + kta suffix, used as a noun

Root: bhaj (class 1)

फलकामाः (phalakāmāḥ) - desirous of results

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of phalakāma

phalakāma - desirous of fruit or results

Compound of 'phala' (fruit, result) and 'kāma' (desire)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (phala+kāma)

• phala – fruit, result, consequence
  noun (neuter)
• kāma – desire, wish, love
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root √kam (to desire)
  Root: kam (class 1)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Demonstrative pronoun

मताः (matāḥ) - considered, thought

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mata

mata - thought, considered, intended, opinion

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √man (to think, believe) + kta suffix

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Predicative adjective for 'bhaktāḥ'

सर्वे (sarve) - all

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Refers to the three types of devotees

च्यवनधर्माणः (cyavanadharmāṇaḥ) - having the nature (dharma) of falling away or decline

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of cyavanadharman

cyavanadharman - having the nature of falling, decaying, or perishing

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'cyavana' (falling, perishing) + 'dharman' (nature, quality)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (cyavana+dharman)

• cyavana – falling, declining, perishing
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root √cyu (to move, fall, depart)
  Root: cyu (class 1)
• dharman – nature, characteristic, law, constitution (dharma)
  noun (masculine)
  Root √dhṛ (to support, maintain)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

प्रतिबुद्धः (pratibuddhaḥ) - the enlightened one, awakened

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratibuddha

pratibuddha - awakened, enlightened, known, understood

Past Passive Participle

Derived from prefix 'prati' + root √budh (to know, awaken) + kta suffix

Prefix: prati

Root: budh (class 1)

तु (tu) - but, however

(indeclinable)

श्रेष्ठभाq (śreṣṭhabhāq) - partaker of the best, attains the supreme

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śreṣṭhabhāj

śreṣṭhabhāj - partaking of the best, having the best share, attaining the highest

Compound of 'śreṣṭha' (best) and 'bhāj' (partaker, share-holder). The final 'q' is a sandhi variation of 'j' or 'g'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śreṣṭha+bhāj)

• śreṣṭha – best, chief, excellent, superior
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative form of 'praśasya' (praiseworthy)
• bhāj – partaker, possessor, sharing in
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root √bhaj (to share, partake)
  Root: bhaj (class 1)