महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-58, verse-42

स्रष्टा हि जगतः कस्मान्न संबुध्येत भारत ।
सुरासुराणां लोकानामशेषेण मनोगतम् ॥४२॥

42. sraṣṭā hi jagataḥ kasmānna saṁbudhyeta bhārata ,
surāsurāṇāṁ lokānāmaśeṣeṇa manogatam.

42. sraṣṭā hi jagataḥ kasmāt na saṃbudhyeta
bhārata surāsurāṇām lokānām aśeṣeṇa manogatam

42. Why, O Bhārata, would the Creator of the universe not fully comprehend the inner thoughts of all beings, including gods and asuras?

42. הו בן בְּהַרַטַה, כיצד לא יידע יוצר העולם את כל מה שבלב האלים, האַסוּרוֹת וכל העולמות, ללא יוצא מן הכלל?

Words meanings summery:

• स्रष्टा (sraṣṭā) - the Creator (Brahma) (creator, fashioner)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, for, surely)

• जगतः (jagataḥ) - of the world, of the universe (of the world, of moving things)

• कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why (interrogative adverb) (why, from what, how)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• संबुध्येत (saṁbudhyeta) - he would understand (he would know, comprehend)

• भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (vocative, addressing Yudhiṣṭhira or Janamejaya) (O descendant of Bharata)

• सुरासुराणाम् (surāsurāṇām) - of gods and demons (of gods and asuras)

• लोकानाम् (lokānām) - of all beings (of the worlds, of the people, of the beings)

• अशेषेण (aśeṣeṇa) - completely (completely, without remainder, entirely)

• मनोगतम् (manogatam) - the thoughts, what is in the mind (gone to the mind, thought, intention)

Words meanings and morphology

स्रष्टा (sraṣṭā) - the Creator (Brahma) (creator, fashioner)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sraṣṭṛ

sraṣṭṛ - creator, maker, fashioner

agent noun

From √sṛj (to create, emit) + tṛ suffix.

Root: sṛj (class 6)

Note: Subject of 'saṃbudhyeta'.

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, for, surely)

(indeclinable)

Particle.

जगतः (jagataḥ) - of the world, of the universe (of the world, of moving things)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of jagat

jagat - moving, animate, the world, the universe

present participle (from √gam)

From √gam (to go) + śatṛ suffix, used as a noun.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Related to 'sraṣṭā'.

कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why (interrogative adverb) (why, from what, how)

(indeclinable)

Ablative singular of 'kim', used adverbially.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

संबुध्येत (saṁbudhyeta) - he would understand (he would know, comprehend)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (Liṅ) of saṃbudh

verb

Optative middle, 3rd person singular. From sam + √budh (to know, wake).

Prefix: sam

Root: budh (class 4)

Note: The subject is 'sraṣṭā'.

भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (vocative, addressing Yudhiṣṭhira or Janamejaya) (O descendant of Bharata)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata, an Indian

From 'bharata' with aṇ suffix.

सुरासुराणाम् (surāsurāṇām) - of gods and demons (of gods and asuras)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of surāsura

surāsura - gods and asuras (demons)

Dvandva compound.

Compound type : dvandva (sura+asura)

• sura – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• asura – demon, anti-god, spirit
  noun (masculine)

Note: Relates to 'lokānām'.

लोकानाम् (lokānām) - of all beings (of the worlds, of the people, of the beings)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, realm, people, beings, mankind

Root: lok (class 1)

Note: Object of 'saṃbudhyeta' (through 'manogatam').

अशेषेण (aśeṣeṇa) - completely (completely, without remainder, entirely)

(indeclinable)

Tatpuruṣa compound of 'a' (not) + 'śeṣa' (remainder). Instrumental singular, used adverbially.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (privative) (a+śeṣa)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• śeṣa – remainder, rest, remnant
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śiṣ (class 7)

Note: Adverbial.

मनोगतम् (manogatam) - the thoughts, what is in the mind (gone to the mind, thought, intention)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of manogata

manogata - gone to the mind, conceived, thought, intention, thought of

past passive participle

Tatpuruṣa compound: manas (mind) + gata (gone).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (manas+gata)

• manas – mind, intellect, thought
  noun (neuter)
• gata – gone, arrived, passed, obtained
  past passive participle (masculine)
  past passive participle
  From √gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Object of 'saṃbudhyeta'.

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