महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-58, verse-42

स्रष्टा हि जगतः कस्मान्न संबुध्येत भारत ।
सुरासुराणां लोकानामशेषेण मनोगतम् ॥४२॥

42. sraṣṭā hi jagataḥ kasmānna saṁbudhyeta bhārata ,
surāsurāṇāṁ lokānāmaśeṣeṇa manogatam.

42. sraṣṭā hi jagataḥ kasmāt na saṃbudhyeta
bhārata surāsurāṇām lokānām aśeṣeṇa manogatam

42. Why, O Bhārata, would the Creator of the universe not fully comprehend the inner thoughts of all beings, including gods and asuras?

Words meanings summery:

• स्रष्टा (sraṣṭā) - the Creator (Brahma) (creator, fashioner)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, for, surely)

• जगतः (jagataḥ) - of the world, of the universe (of the world, of moving things)

• कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why (interrogative adverb) (why, from what, how)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• संबुध्येत (saṁbudhyeta) - he would understand (he would know, comprehend)

• भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (vocative, addressing Yudhiṣṭhira or Janamejaya) (O descendant of Bharata)

• सुरासुराणाम् (surāsurāṇām) - of gods and demons (of gods and asuras)

• लोकानाम् (lokānām) - of all beings (of the worlds, of the people, of the beings)

• अशेषेण (aśeṣeṇa) - completely (completely, without remainder, entirely)

• मनोगतम् (manogatam) - the thoughts, what is in the mind (gone to the mind, thought, intention)

Words meanings and morphology

स्रष्टा (sraṣṭā) - the Creator (Brahma) (creator, fashioner)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sraṣṭṛ

sraṣṭṛ - creator, maker, fashioner

agent noun

From √sṛj (to create, emit) + tṛ suffix.

Root: sṛj (class 6)

Note: Subject of 'saṃbudhyeta'.

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, for, surely)

(indeclinable)

Particle.

जगतः (jagataḥ) - of the world, of the universe (of the world, of moving things)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of jagat

jagat - moving, animate, the world, the universe

present participle (from √gam)

From √gam (to go) + śatṛ suffix, used as a noun.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Related to 'sraṣṭā'.

कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why (interrogative adverb) (why, from what, how)

(indeclinable)

Ablative singular of 'kim', used adverbially.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

संबुध्येत (saṁbudhyeta) - he would understand (he would know, comprehend)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (Liṅ) of saṃbudh

verb

Optative middle, 3rd person singular. From sam + √budh (to know, wake).

Prefix: sam

Root: budh (class 4)

Note: The subject is 'sraṣṭā'.

भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (vocative, addressing Yudhiṣṭhira or Janamejaya) (O descendant of Bharata)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata, an Indian

From 'bharata' with aṇ suffix.

सुरासुराणाम् (surāsurāṇām) - of gods and demons (of gods and asuras)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of surāsura

surāsura - gods and asuras (demons)

Dvandva compound.

Compound type : dvandva (sura+asura)

• sura – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• asura – demon, anti-god, spirit
  noun (masculine)

Note: Relates to 'lokānām'.

लोकानाम् (lokānām) - of all beings (of the worlds, of the people, of the beings)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, realm, people, beings, mankind

Root: lok (class 1)

Note: Object of 'saṃbudhyeta' (through 'manogatam').

अशेषेण (aśeṣeṇa) - completely (completely, without remainder, entirely)

(indeclinable)

Tatpuruṣa compound of 'a' (not) + 'śeṣa' (remainder). Instrumental singular, used adverbially.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (privative) (a+śeṣa)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• śeṣa – remainder, rest, remnant
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śiṣ (class 7)

Note: Adverbial.

मनोगतम् (manogatam) - the thoughts, what is in the mind (gone to the mind, thought, intention)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of manogata

manogata - gone to the mind, conceived, thought, intention, thought of

past passive participle

Tatpuruṣa compound: manas (mind) + gata (gone).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (manas+gata)

• manas – mind, intellect, thought
  noun (neuter)
• gata – gone, arrived, passed, obtained
  past passive participle (masculine)
  past passive participle
  From √gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Object of 'saṃbudhyeta'.