महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-58, verse-2

यदर्थमिह संभूता देवकल्पा महारथाः ।
भुवि तन्मे महाभाग सम्यगाख्यातुमर्हसि ॥२॥

2. yadarthamiha saṁbhūtā devakalpā mahārathāḥ ,
bhuvi tanme mahābhāga samyagākhyātumarhasi.

2. yat artham iha saṃbhūtāḥ devakalpāḥ mahārathāḥ
bhuvi tat me mahābhāga samyak ākhyātum arhasi

2. O illustrious one, you should properly explain to me the purpose for which these god-like great charioteers were born here on earth.

Words meanings summery:

• यत् (yat) - for what (which, what)

• अर्थम् (artham) - purpose (purpose, meaning, object)

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• संभूताः (saṁbhūtāḥ) - were born (born, manifested)

• देवकल्पाः (devakalpāḥ) - god-like

• महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great charioteers, great warriors

• भुवि (bhuvi) - on earth

• तत् (tat) - that purpose (that)

• मे (me) - to me, for me

• महाभाग (mahābhāga) - O illustrious one, O greatly fortunate one

• सम्यक् (samyak) - properly, completely

• आख्यातुम् (ākhyātum) - to tell, to explain

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you should (you ought, you are fit)

Words meanings and morphology

यत् (yat) - for what (which, what)

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Acts as a relative pronoun with artham.

अर्थम् (artham) - purpose (purpose, meaning, object)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - purpose, object, meaning, wealth

Note: Used adverbially with 'yat' to mean 'for what purpose'.

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies saṃbhūtāḥ.

संभूताः (saṁbhūtāḥ) - were born (born, manifested)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saṃbhūta

saṁbhūta - born, produced, manifested, assembled

past passive participle

from sam-bhū (to be, to be born)

Prefix: sam

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Qualifies devakalpāḥ and mahārathāḥ.

देवकल्पाः (devakalpāḥ) - god-like

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of devakalpa

devakalpa - god-like, resembling gods

deva (god) + kalpa (like, resembling)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deva+kalpa)

• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• kalpa – like, resembling, almost, similar
  suffix/indeclinable (masculine)

Note: Qualifies mahārathāḥ.

महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great charioteers, great warriors

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - a great warrior, one fighting from a great chariot

mahā (great) + ratha (chariot)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the relative clause.

भुवि (bhuvi) - on earth

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhū

bhū - earth, ground, world

Note: Location where they were born.

तत् (tat) - that purpose (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Correlative pronoun for 'yat artham', object of ākhyātum.

मे (me) - to me, for me

(pronoun)

singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Recipient of the action of telling.

महाभाग (mahābhāga) - O illustrious one, O greatly fortunate one

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahābhāga

mahābhāga - greatly fortunate, illustrious, highly revered

mahā (great) + bhāga (share, fortune)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bhāga)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• bhāga – share, fortune, destiny
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressing Vaisampayana.

सम्यक् (samyak) - properly, completely

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies ākhyātum.

आख्यातुम् (ākhyātum) - to tell, to explain

(verb)

infinitive of ākhyā

infinitive

root khyā with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: khyā (class 2)

Note: Expresses the action that one 'ought' to do.

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you should (you ought, you are fit)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.