महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-58, verse-20

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फेनपांश्च तथा वत्सान्न दुहन्ति स्म मानवाः ।
न कूटमानैर्वणिजः पण्यं विक्रीणते तदा ॥२०॥

20. phenapāṁśca tathā vatsānna duhanti sma mānavāḥ ,
na kūṭamānairvaṇijaḥ paṇyaṁ vikrīṇate tadā.

20. phenapān ca tathā vatsān na duhanti sma mānavāḥ
na kūṭamānaiḥ vaṇijaḥ paṇyam vikrīṇate tadā

20. And people did not milk the foam-drinking calves (i.e., they allowed the calves to drink their mothers' milk). Similarly, at that time, merchants did not sell goods using false measures.

20. בני האדם לא חלבו (את הפרות) כשהעגלים עוד ינקו את החלב המוקצף, וגם הסוחרים לא מכרו את סחורתם באותם ימים במשקלות ובמידות מזויפות.

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

फेनपान् (phenapān) - (suckling) calves (who drink the foam from their mother's udder) (foam-drinkers)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

तथा (tathā) - similarly (thus, so, similarly, and)

वत्सान् (vatsān) - calves

न (na) - not (not, no)

दुहन्ति (duhanti) - they milk

स्म (sma) - indicating past action (particle indicating past tense with present verb)

मानवाः (mānavāḥ) - people (humans, people)

न (na) - not (not, no)

कूटमानैः (kūṭamānaiḥ) - using false measures (with false measures, with deceptive standards)

वणिजः (vaṇijaḥ) - merchants

पण्यम् (paṇyam) - goods (merchandise, goods, wares)

विक्रीणते (vikrīṇate) - they sell

तदा (tadā) - at that time (then, at that time)

Words meanings and morphology

फेनपान् (phenapān) - (suckling) calves (who drink the foam from their mother's udder) (foam-drinkers)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of phenapa

phenapa - foam-drinker; a suckling calf

Compound: phena (foam) + pa (drinker, from root pā, to drink)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (phena+pa)

phena – foam, froth, scum
noun (masculine/neuter)
pa – drinker, protector, guardian
noun (masculine)
agent noun
From root pā (to drink)
Root: pā (class 1)

Note: Direct object of `duhanti`.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

तथा (tathā) - similarly (thus, so, similarly, and)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the two parts of the verse.

वत्सान् (vatsān) - calves

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vatsa

vatsa - calf, offspring, child, year

Note: Direct object of `duhanti`.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates `duhanti`.

दुहन्ति (duhanti) - they milk

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of duh

Conjugated form of the root.

Root: duh (class 2)

Note: Subject is `mānavāḥ`.

स्म (sma) - indicating past action (particle indicating past tense with present verb)

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions with `duhanti` to make it past tense.

मानवाः (mānavāḥ) - people (humans, people)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mānava

mānava - human, man, descendant of Manu

From Manu (first man) + a (suffix)

Note: Subject of `duhanti`.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates `vikrīṇate`.

कूटमानैः (kūṭamānaiḥ) - using false measures (with false measures, with deceptive standards)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of kūṭamāna

kūṭamāna - false measure, fraudulent standard, deceptive weight

Compound: kūṭa (false, fraudulent) + māna (measure, standard)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (kūṭa+māna)

kūṭa – false, fraudulent, deceptive, deceit, trick
adjective (masculine/neuter)
māna – measure, standard, weight, esteem, respect
noun (neuter)
action noun
From root mā (to measure)
Root: mā (class 3)

Note: Indicates the means by which merchants would sell.

वणिजः (vaṇijaḥ) - merchants

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vaṇij

vaṇij - merchant, trader

Note: Subject of `vikrīṇate`.

पण्यम् (paṇyam) - goods (merchandise, goods, wares)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of paṇya

paṇya - merchandise, goods, commodity, article for sale

From root paṇ (to barter, trade) + ya (suffix)

Root: paṇ (class 1)