महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-58, verse-41

तत्प्रधानात्मनस्तस्य भूमेः कृत्यं स्वयंभुवः ।
पूर्वमेवाभवद्राजन्विदितं परमेष्ठिनः ॥४१॥

41. tatpradhānātmanastasya bhūmeḥ kṛtyaṁ svayaṁbhuvaḥ ,
pūrvamevābhavadrājanviditaṁ parameṣṭhinaḥ.

41. tatpradhānātmanaḥ tasya bhūmeḥ kṛtyam svayaṃbhuvaḥ
pūrvam eva abhavat rājan viditam parameṣṭhinaḥ

41. O King, the concern of the Earth, regarding that supreme being whose essential nature is the ultimate reality, was already known to Svayambhu, the Supreme Lord.

Words meanings summery:

• तत्प्रधानात्मनः (tatpradhānātmanaḥ) - of the Supreme Being, whose principal essence is the ultimate reality (of him whose essential nature is that (supreme reality))

• तस्य (tasya) - of that one (the supreme being mentioned) (of him, of that)

• भूमेः (bhūmeḥ) - of the Earth (personified) (of the Earth)

• कृत्यम् (kṛtyam) - the concern, the affair (the problem presented by Earth) (task, duty, affair, what is to be done)

• स्वयंभुवः (svayaṁbhuvaḥ) - of Svayambhu (the Self-existent one, referring to Brahma) (of Svayambhū (Brahma))

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - already, beforehand (before, previously, formerly)

• एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, just, only, even)

• अभवत् (abhavat) - it was (already) (it was, it became, it happened)

• राजन् (rājan) - O King (vocative) (O king)

• विदितम् (viditam) - known (to him) (known, understood)

• परमेष्ठिनः (parameṣṭhinaḥ) - of the Supreme Lord (Brahma) (of the supreme one, of the supreme ruler)

Words meanings and morphology

तत्प्रधानात्मनः (tatpradhānātmanaḥ) - of the Supreme Being, whose principal essence is the ultimate reality (of him whose essential nature is that (supreme reality))

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tatpradhānātman

tatpradhānātman - whose principal essence is that, whose main self is that

Bahuvrihi compound.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (tad+pradhāna+ātman)

• tad – that, he, she, it, the ultimate reality
  pronoun (neuter)
• pradhāna – chief, principal, main; primordial matter (Samkhya)
  adjective (masculine)
• ātman – self, soul, essence, spirit
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the supreme deity addressed by Earth.

तस्य (tasya) - of that one (the supreme being mentioned) (of him, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Masculine/neuter genitive singular of the demonstrative pronoun 'tad'.

Note: Refers to the supreme deity.

भूमेः (bhūmeḥ) - of the Earth (personified) (of the Earth)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, soil, land, territory; the Earth (as a deity)

Note: Genitive of 'bhūmi'.

कृत्यम् (kṛtyam) - the concern, the affair (the problem presented by Earth) (task, duty, affair, what is to be done)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛtya

kṛtya - to be done, proper to be done, duty, task, action, business, affair

gerundive/action noun

From √kṛ (to do) + tya suffix.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Subject of 'abhavat' and 'viditam'.

स्वयंभुवः (svayaṁbhuvaḥ) - of Svayambhu (the Self-existent one, referring to Brahma) (of Svayambhū (Brahma))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of svayaṃbhū

svayaṁbhū - self-existent, self-born; a name for Brahmā, Viṣṇu, Śiva, etc.

Compound of 'svayam' (self) + 'bhū' (being, existing).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (svayam+bhū)

• svayam – self, by oneself
  indeclinable
• bhū – being, existing, becoming
  noun (masculine)
  From √bhū (to be, become)
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Refers to Brahma, known as the creator.

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - already, beforehand (before, previously, formerly)

(indeclinable)

Neuter nominative/accusative singular, often used adverbially.

Note: Adverbial usage.

एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, just, only, even)

(indeclinable)

Particle used for emphasis.

अभवत् (abhavat) - it was (already) (it was, it became, it happened)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (Laṅ) of bhū

verb

Imperfect active, 3rd person singular.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'kṛtyam'.

राजन् (rājan) - O King (vocative) (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, prince

Root rāj (to shine, rule).

Root: rāj (class 1)

विदितम् (viditam) - known (to him) (known, understood)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vidita

vidita - known, understood, perceived, found

past passive participle

From √vid (to know).

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Predicative adjective for 'kṛtyam'.

परमेष्ठिनः (parameṣṭhinaḥ) - of the Supreme Lord (Brahma) (of the supreme one, of the supreme ruler)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of parameṣṭhin

parameṣṭhin - standing highest, supreme; a name for Brahmā, Viṣṇu, Śiva.

Compound of 'parama' (supreme) + 'iṣṭhin' (standing, being). From param + √sthā.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (parama+iṣṭhin)

• parama – highest, supreme, ultimate, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
• iṣṭhin – standing, being (derived from sthā)
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun
  From √sthā (to stand), with irregular derivation for 'iṣṭhin'
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: This is 'parameṣṭhin', genitive singular.