महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-58, verse-41

तत्प्रधानात्मनस्तस्य भूमेः कृत्यं स्वयंभुवः ।
पूर्वमेवाभवद्राजन्विदितं परमेष्ठिनः ॥४१॥

41. tatpradhānātmanastasya bhūmeḥ kṛtyaṁ svayaṁbhuvaḥ ,
pūrvamevābhavadrājanviditaṁ parameṣṭhinaḥ.

41. tatpradhānātmanaḥ tasya bhūmeḥ kṛtyam svayaṃbhuvaḥ
pūrvam eva abhavat rājan viditam parameṣṭhinaḥ

41. O King, the concern of the Earth, regarding that supreme being whose essential nature is the ultimate reality, was already known to Svayambhu, the Supreme Lord.

41. הו מלך, משימתה של הארץ הייתה כבר מראש ידועה לסְוַיַמְבְּהוּ (בְּרַהְמָה), הפַּרַמֵשְׁתְהִין, שכל מהותו מכוונת אליה.

Words meanings summery:

• तत्प्रधानात्मनः (tatpradhānātmanaḥ) - of the Supreme Being, whose principal essence is the ultimate reality (of him whose essential nature is that (supreme reality))

• तस्य (tasya) - of that one (the supreme being mentioned) (of him, of that)

• भूमेः (bhūmeḥ) - of the Earth (personified) (of the Earth)

• कृत्यम् (kṛtyam) - the concern, the affair (the problem presented by Earth) (task, duty, affair, what is to be done)

• स्वयंभुवः (svayaṁbhuvaḥ) - of Svayambhu (the Self-existent one, referring to Brahma) (of Svayambhū (Brahma))

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - already, beforehand (before, previously, formerly)

• एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, just, only, even)

• अभवत् (abhavat) - it was (already) (it was, it became, it happened)

• राजन् (rājan) - O King (vocative) (O king)

• विदितम् (viditam) - known (to him) (known, understood)

• परमेष्ठिनः (parameṣṭhinaḥ) - of the Supreme Lord (Brahma) (of the supreme one, of the supreme ruler)

Words meanings and morphology

तत्प्रधानात्मनः (tatpradhānātmanaḥ) - of the Supreme Being, whose principal essence is the ultimate reality (of him whose essential nature is that (supreme reality))

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tatpradhānātman

tatpradhānātman - whose principal essence is that, whose main self is that

Bahuvrihi compound.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (tad+pradhāna+ātman)

• tad – that, he, she, it, the ultimate reality
  pronoun (neuter)
• pradhāna – chief, principal, main; primordial matter (Samkhya)
  adjective (masculine)
• ātman – self, soul, essence, spirit
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the supreme deity addressed by Earth.

तस्य (tasya) - of that one (the supreme being mentioned) (of him, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Masculine/neuter genitive singular of the demonstrative pronoun 'tad'.

Note: Refers to the supreme deity.

भूमेः (bhūmeḥ) - of the Earth (personified) (of the Earth)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, soil, land, territory; the Earth (as a deity)

Note: Genitive of 'bhūmi'.

कृत्यम् (kṛtyam) - the concern, the affair (the problem presented by Earth) (task, duty, affair, what is to be done)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛtya

kṛtya - to be done, proper to be done, duty, task, action, business, affair

gerundive/action noun

From √kṛ (to do) + tya suffix.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Subject of 'abhavat' and 'viditam'.

स्वयंभुवः (svayaṁbhuvaḥ) - of Svayambhu (the Self-existent one, referring to Brahma) (of Svayambhū (Brahma))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of svayaṃbhū

svayaṁbhū - self-existent, self-born; a name for Brahmā, Viṣṇu, Śiva, etc.

Compound of 'svayam' (self) + 'bhū' (being, existing).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (svayam+bhū)

• svayam – self, by oneself
  indeclinable
• bhū – being, existing, becoming
  noun (masculine)
  From √bhū (to be, become)
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Refers to Brahma, known as the creator.

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - already, beforehand (before, previously, formerly)

(indeclinable)

Neuter nominative/accusative singular, often used adverbially.

Note: Adverbial usage.

एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, just, only, even)

(indeclinable)

Particle used for emphasis.

अभवत् (abhavat) - it was (already) (it was, it became, it happened)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (Laṅ) of bhū

verb

Imperfect active, 3rd person singular.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'kṛtyam'.

राजन् (rājan) - O King (vocative) (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, prince

Root rāj (to shine, rule).

Root: rāj (class 1)

विदितम् (viditam) - known (to him) (known, understood)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vidita

vidita - known, understood, perceived, found

past passive participle

From √vid (to know).

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Predicative adjective for 'kṛtyam'.

परमेष्ठिनः (parameṣṭhinaḥ) - of the Supreme Lord (Brahma) (of the supreme one, of the supreme ruler)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of parameṣṭhin

parameṣṭhin - standing highest, supreme; a name for Brahmā, Viṣṇu, Śiva.

Compound of 'parama' (supreme) + 'iṣṭhin' (standing, being). From param + √sthā.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (parama+iṣṭhin)

• parama – highest, supreme, ultimate, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
• iṣṭhin – standing, being (derived from sthā)
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun
  From √sthā (to stand), with irregular derivation for 'iṣṭhin'
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: This is 'parameṣṭhin', genitive singular.

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