महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-58, verse-29

जातैरिह महीपाल जायमानैश्च तैर्मही ।
न शशाकात्मनात्मानमियं धारयितुं धरा ॥२९॥

29. jātairiha mahīpāla jāyamānaiśca tairmahī ,
na śaśākātmanātmānamiyaṁ dhārayituṁ dharā.

29. jātaiḥ iha mahīpāla jāyamānaiḥ ca taiḥ mahī na
śaśāka ātmanā ātmānam iyam dhārayitum dharā

29. O King, with those who had been born here and those who were being born, this earth was unable to sustain herself by her own power.

Words meanings summery:

• जातैः (jātaiḥ) - by those who had already taken birth (by those born)

• इह (iha) - in this world (on earth) (here)

• महीपाल (mahīpāla) - O King (addressing the listener) (O king, protector of the earth)

• जायमानैः (jāyamānaiḥ) - by those who were currently taking birth (by those being born)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• तैः (taiḥ) - by those (referring to the beings born) (by them, by those)

• मही (mahī) - the earth (personified) (the earth, ground)

• न (na) - not

• शशाक (śaśāka) - was able (was able, could)

• आत्मना (ātmanā) - by herself (the earth) (by oneself, by the soul)

• आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - herself (the earth) (oneself, the soul)

• इयम् (iyam) - this (referring to the earth) (this (feminine))

• धारयितुम् (dhārayitum) - to sustain, to support (to bear, to hold, to sustain)

• धरा (dharā) - the earth (earth, ground)

Words meanings and morphology

जातैः (jātaiḥ) - by those who had already taken birth (by those born)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of jāta

jāta - born, produced, grown, happened

past passive participle

from √jan (to be born)

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Used substantively.

इह (iha) - in this world (on earth) (here)

(indeclinable)

महीपाल (mahīpāla) - O King (addressing the listener) (O king, protector of the earth)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahīpāla

mahīpāla - king, protector of the earth

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahī+pāla)

• mahī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• pāla – protector, guardian
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  from √pāl (to protect)
  Root: pāl (class 10)

जायमानैः (jāyamānaiḥ) - by those who were currently taking birth (by those being born)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of jāyamāna

jāyamāna - being born, being produced

present middle participle

from √jan (to be born)

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Used substantively.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

तैः (taiḥ) - by those (referring to the beings born) (by them, by those)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to `jātaiḥ` and `jāyamānaiḥ`.

मही (mahī) - the earth (personified) (the earth, ground)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mahī

mahī - earth, ground, land

Note: Subject of the sentence.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb `śaśāka`.

शशाक (śaśāka) - was able (was able, could)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of śak

perfect tense

3rd person singular, active voice

Root: śak (class 5)

आत्मना (ātmanā) - by herself (the earth) (by oneself, by the soul)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence, body

Note: Reflexive pronoun in instrumental case.

आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - herself (the earth) (oneself, the soul)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence, body

Note: Reflexive pronoun in accusative case, direct object of `dhārayitum`.

इयम् (iyam) - this (referring to the earth) (this (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Agrees with `mahī` and `dharā`.

धारयितुम् (dhārayitum) - to sustain, to support (to bear, to hold, to sustain)

(verb)

active

infinitive

causative of √dhṛ

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

धरा (dharā) - the earth (earth, ground)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dharā

dharā - earth, ground, land

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Another subject, in apposition to `mahī` and `iyam`.