महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-58, verse-29

जातैरिह महीपाल जायमानैश्च तैर्मही ।
न शशाकात्मनात्मानमियं धारयितुं धरा ॥२९॥

29. jātairiha mahīpāla jāyamānaiśca tairmahī ,
na śaśākātmanātmānamiyaṁ dhārayituṁ dharā.

29. jātaiḥ iha mahīpāla jāyamānaiḥ ca taiḥ mahī na
śaśāka ātmanā ātmānam iyam dhārayitum dharā

29. O King, with those who had been born here and those who were being born, this earth was unable to sustain herself by her own power.

29. הו שומר הארץ, בגלל אלה שכבר נולדו כאן ואלה שהיו נולדים, לא יכלה הארץ הזאת לשאת את עצמה בכוחות עצמה.

Words meanings summery:

• जातैः (jātaiḥ) - by those who had already taken birth (by those born)

• इह (iha) - in this world (on earth) (here)

• महीपाल (mahīpāla) - O King (addressing the listener) (O king, protector of the earth)

• जायमानैः (jāyamānaiḥ) - by those who were currently taking birth (by those being born)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• तैः (taiḥ) - by those (referring to the beings born) (by them, by those)

• मही (mahī) - the earth (personified) (the earth, ground)

• न (na) - not

• शशाक (śaśāka) - was able (was able, could)

• आत्मना (ātmanā) - by herself (the earth) (by oneself, by the soul)

• आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - herself (the earth) (oneself, the soul)

• इयम् (iyam) - this (referring to the earth) (this (feminine))

• धारयितुम् (dhārayitum) - to sustain, to support (to bear, to hold, to sustain)

• धरा (dharā) - the earth (earth, ground)

Words meanings and morphology

जातैः (jātaiḥ) - by those who had already taken birth (by those born)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of jāta

jāta - born, produced, grown, happened

past passive participle

from √jan (to be born)

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Used substantively.

इह (iha) - in this world (on earth) (here)

(indeclinable)

महीपाल (mahīpāla) - O King (addressing the listener) (O king, protector of the earth)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahīpāla

mahīpāla - king, protector of the earth

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahī+pāla)

• mahī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• pāla – protector, guardian
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  from √pāl (to protect)
  Root: pāl (class 10)

जायमानैः (jāyamānaiḥ) - by those who were currently taking birth (by those being born)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of jāyamāna

jāyamāna - being born, being produced

present middle participle

from √jan (to be born)

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Used substantively.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

तैः (taiḥ) - by those (referring to the beings born) (by them, by those)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to `jātaiḥ` and `jāyamānaiḥ`.

मही (mahī) - the earth (personified) (the earth, ground)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mahī

mahī - earth, ground, land

Note: Subject of the sentence.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb `śaśāka`.

शशाक (śaśāka) - was able (was able, could)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of śak

perfect tense

3rd person singular, active voice

Root: śak (class 5)

आत्मना (ātmanā) - by herself (the earth) (by oneself, by the soul)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence, body

Note: Reflexive pronoun in instrumental case.

आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - herself (the earth) (oneself, the soul)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence, body

Note: Reflexive pronoun in accusative case, direct object of `dhārayitum`.

इयम् (iyam) - this (referring to the earth) (this (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Agrees with `mahī` and `dharā`.

धारयितुम् (dhārayitum) - to sustain, to support (to bear, to hold, to sustain)

(verb)

active

infinitive

causative of √dhṛ

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

धरा (dharā) - the earth (earth, ground)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dharā

dharā - earth, ground, land

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Another subject, in apposition to `mahī` and `iyam`.

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