महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-58, verse-10

ततोऽवर्धन्त धर्मेण सहस्रशतजीविनः ।
ताः प्रजाः पृथिवीपाल धर्मव्रतपरायणाः ।
आधिभिर्व्याधिभिश्चैव विमुक्ताः सर्वशो नराः ॥१०॥

10. tato'vardhanta dharmeṇa sahasraśatajīvinaḥ ,
tāḥ prajāḥ pṛthivīpāla dharmavrataparāyaṇāḥ ,
ādhibhirvyādhibhiścaiva vimuktāḥ sarvaśo narāḥ.

10. tataḥ avardhanta dharmeṇa
sahasraśatajīvinaḥ tāḥ prajāḥ pṛthivīpāla
dharmavrataparāyaṇāḥ ādhibhiḥ
vyādhibhiḥ ca eva vimuktāḥ sarvaśaḥ narāḥ

10. O protector of the earth, thereupon, those subjects, devoted to righteous vows, prospered and lived for a hundred thousand years. People were completely freed from all mental afflictions and physical diseases.

10. אז צמחו ושגשגו על פי חוקת היושר, וחיו מאה אלף שנים. היצורים האלה, הו מגן הארץ, היו מסורים לשמירת נדרי היושר, ובני האדם כולם היו משוחררים מכל צער נפשי ומחלות גוף.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - thereupon (from that, then, thereupon)

• अवर्धन्त (avardhanta) - they prospered and grew (they increased, grew, prospered)

• धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - righteously, by following dharma (by dharma, by righteousness, righteously)

• सहस्रशतजीविनः (sahasraśatajīvinaḥ) - living for a hundred thousand years (long-lived) (those living for a hundred thousand (years))

• ताः (tāḥ) - those (subjects) (those)

• प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - subjects, people (subjects, progeny, people)

• पृथिवीपाल (pṛthivīpāla) - O protector of the earth (vocative) (O protector of the earth, O king)

• धर्मव्रतपरायणाः (dharmavrataparāyaṇāḥ) - devoted to righteous vows (devoted to vows of righteousness, intent on righteous conduct)

• आधिभिः (ādhibhiḥ) - by mental afflictions (by mental anxieties, afflictions)

• व्याधिभिः (vyādhibhiḥ) - by physical diseases (by diseases, ailments)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एव (eva) - indeed, even (only, just, indeed)

• विमुक्ताः (vimuktāḥ) - completely freed (released, freed)

• सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - completely (entirely, completely, in every way)

• नराः (narāḥ) - people (men, people)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - thereupon (from that, then, thereupon)

(indeclinable)

Note: Avyaya (indeclinable word).

अवर्धन्त (avardhanta) - they prospered and grew (they increased, grew, prospered)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of vṛdh

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Root vṛdh is ātmanepada (middle voice).

धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - righteously, by following dharma (by dharma, by righteousness, righteously)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - righteousness, duty, law, virtue

सहस्रशतजीविनः (sahasraśatajīvinaḥ) - living for a hundred thousand years (long-lived) (those living for a hundred thousand (years))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sahasraśatajīvin

sahasraśatajīvin - living for a hundred thousand (years)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sahasraśata+jīvin)

• sahasraśata – a hundred thousand
  noun (neuter)
• jīvin – living, alive, a living being
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun
  from root jīv
  Root: jīv (class 1)

ताः (tāḥ) - those (subjects) (those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Demonstrative pronoun.

प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - subjects, people (subjects, progeny, people)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of prajā

prajā - progeny, offspring, subjects, people

पृथिवीपाल (pṛthivīpāla) - O protector of the earth (vocative) (O protector of the earth, O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pṛthivīpāla

pṛthivīpāla - protector of the earth, king

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (pṛthivī+pāla)

• pṛthivī – earth, world
  noun (feminine)
• pāla – protector, guardian
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  from root pā
  Root: pā (class 2)

धर्मव्रतपरायणाः (dharmavrataparāyaṇāḥ) - devoted to righteous vows (devoted to vows of righteousness, intent on righteous conduct)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of dharmavrataparāyaṇa

dharmavrataparāyaṇa - devoted to vows of righteousness

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharmavrata+parāyaṇa)

• dharmavrata – vow of righteousness, religious observance
  noun (neuter)
• parāyaṇa – chief object, ultimate goal, devoted to, intent on
  adjective

आधिभिः (ādhibhiḥ) - by mental afflictions (by mental anxieties, afflictions)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ādhi

ādhi - mental pain, anxiety, distress

व्याधिभिः (vyādhibhiḥ) - by physical diseases (by diseases, ailments)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vyādhi

vyādhi - disease, sickness, ailment

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, even (only, just, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

विमुक्ताः (vimuktāḥ) - completely freed (released, freed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vimukta

vimukta - freed, released, liberated

past passive participle

from root muc with prefix vi

Root: muc (class 6)

सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - completely (entirely, completely, in every way)

(indeclinable)

Note: Formed with suffix 'śas' indicating 'in every way'.

नराः (narāḥ) - people (men, people)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nara

nara - man, person, human being

Note: Subject of 'vimuktāḥ'.

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