महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-58, verse-13

कामक्रोधोद्भवान्दोषान्निरस्य च नराधिपाः ।
दण्डं दण्ड्येषु धर्मेण प्रणयन्तोऽन्वपालयन् ॥१३॥

13. kāmakrodhodbhavāndoṣānnirasya ca narādhipāḥ ,
daṇḍaṁ daṇḍyeṣu dharmeṇa praṇayanto'nvapālayan.

13. kāmakrodhodbhavān doṣān nirasya ca narādhipāḥ
daṇḍam daṇḍyeṣu dharmeṇa praṇayantaḥ anvapālayan

13. And kings, having cast aside faults arising from desire and anger, protected their subjects by righteously inflicting punishment upon those deserving it.

Words meanings summery:

• कामक्रोधोद्भवान् (kāmakrodhodbhavān) - faults arising from desire and anger (born of desire and anger)

• दोषान् (doṣān) - faults, vices (faults, defects, evils)

• निरस्य (nirasya) - having discarded (having cast aside, having removed)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• नराधिपाः (narādhipāḥ) - kings (rulers of men, kings)

• दण्डम् (daṇḍam) - punishment (punishment, rod, staff)

• दण्ड्येषु (daṇḍyeṣu) - upon those deserving punishment (upon the punishable, those deserving punishment)

• धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - righteously (by dharma, by righteousness, righteously)

• प्रणयन्तः (praṇayantaḥ) - inflicting (punishment) (applying, inflicting, leading)

• अन्वपालयन् (anvapālayan) - they protected and governed (they protected, they governed)

Words meanings and morphology

कामक्रोधोद्भवान् (kāmakrodhodbhavān) - faults arising from desire and anger (born of desire and anger)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kāmakrodhodbhava

kāmakrodhodbhava - arising from desire and anger

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kāmakrodha+udbhava)

• kāmakrodha – desire and anger
  noun (masculine)
• udbhava – origin, birth, arising
  noun (masculine)
  derived from root bhū with prefix ud
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'doṣān'.

दोषान् (doṣān) - faults, vices (faults, defects, evils)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of doṣa

doṣa - fault, defect, vice, error

Note: Object of 'nirasya'.

निरस्य (nirasya) - having discarded (having cast aside, having removed)

(indeclinable participle)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

नराधिपाः (narādhipāḥ) - kings (rulers of men, kings)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of narādhipa

narādhipa - lord of men, king, ruler

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (nara+adhipa)

• nara – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – ruler, lord, master
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of 'anvapālayan'.

दण्डम् (daṇḍam) - punishment (punishment, rod, staff)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of daṇḍa

daṇḍa - stick, rod, punishment, scepter

Note: Object of 'praṇayantaḥ'.

दण्ड्येषु (daṇḍyeṣu) - upon those deserving punishment (upon the punishable, those deserving punishment)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of daṇḍya

daṇḍya - punishable, deserving of punishment

future passive participle (gerundive)

from root daṇḍ

Root: daṇḍ (class 10)

Note: Used as a noun meaning 'those who are to be punished'.

धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - righteously (by dharma, by righteousness, righteously)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - righteousness, duty, law, virtue

प्रणयन्तः (praṇayantaḥ) - inflicting (punishment) (applying, inflicting, leading)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of praṇayat

praṇayat - applying, inflicting, showing, performing

present active participle

from root nī with prefix pra

Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'narādhipāḥ'.

अन्वपालयन् (anvapālayan) - they protected and governed (they protected, they governed)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pālay

causative of pā

Root: pā (class 2)

Note: From the prefix 'anu' and causative stem 'pālay' (derived from root 'pā').