महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-189, verse-4

ततोऽब्रुवँल्लोकगुरुं समेता भयं नस्तीव्रं मानुषाणां विवृद्ध्या ।
तस्माद्भयादुद्विजन्तः सुखेप्सवः प्रयाम सर्वे शरणं भवन्तम् ॥४॥

4. tato'bruvaँllokaguruṁ sametā; bhayaṁ nastīvraṁ mānuṣāṇāṁ vivṛddhyā ,
tasmādbhayādudvijantaḥ sukhepsavaḥ; prayāma sarve śaraṇaṁ bhavantam.

4. tataḥ abruvan lokagurum sametāḥ
bhayam naḥ tīvram mānuṣāṇām vivṛddhyā
tasmāt bhayāt udvijantaḥ sukhepsavaḥ
prayāma sarve śaraṇam bhavantam

4. Then, having gathered, they spoke to the guru of the worlds, "We have intense fear due to the proliferation of humans. Therefore, agitated by that fear and desiring happiness, we all approach you for refuge."

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

• अब्रुवन् (abruvan) - they spoke, they said

• लोकगुरुम् (lokagurum) - to the guru of the worlds, to the preceptor of the world

• समेताः (sametāḥ) - assembled, gathered, united

• भयम् (bhayam) - fear, dread

• नः (naḥ) - our, to us, for us

• तीव्रम् (tīvram) - intense, severe, sharp

• मानुषाणाम् (mānuṣāṇām) - of humans, of mankind

• विवृद्ध्या (vivṛddhyā) - by increase, by growth, by proliferation

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

• भयात् (bhayāt) - from fear, out of fear

• उद्विजन्तः (udvijantaḥ) - trembling, agitated, disturbed

• सुखेप्सवः (sukhepsavaḥ) - desiring happiness, wishing for joy

• प्रयाम (prayāma) - let us go, let us approach

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

• शरणम् (śaraṇam) - refuge, shelter, protection

• भवन्तम् (bhavantam) - you (respectful)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

(indeclinable)

अब्रुवन् (abruvan) - they spoke, they said

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of √brū

Imperfect tense (Laṅ)

Root: brū (class 2)

लोकगुरुम् (lokagurum) - to the guru of the worlds, to the preceptor of the world

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of lokaguru

lokaguru - guru of the worlds, preceptor of the world

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (loka+guru)

• loka – world, realm, people
  noun (masculine)
• guru – teacher, spiritual master (guru), venerable, heavy
  noun (masculine)

समेताः (sametāḥ) - assembled, gathered, united

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sameta

sameta - assembled, met, joined, united, come together

Past Passive Participle

Formed from sam-i-√i (to come together)

Prefixes: sam+i

Root: i (class 2)

भयम् (bhayam) - fear, dread

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, dread, apprehension, danger

Derived from root √bhī (to fear)

Root: bhī (class 3)

नः (naḥ) - our, to us, for us

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we (first person pronoun)

Note: Also dative plural.

तीव्रम् (tīvram) - intense, severe, sharp

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tīvra

tīvra - intense, severe, sharp, keen, hot

मानुषाणाम् (mānuṣāṇām) - of humans, of mankind

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of mānuṣa

mānuṣa - human, belonging to men, a man, mankind

Derived from manu (man) + -ṣa suffix

विवृद्ध्या (vivṛddhyā) - by increase, by growth, by proliferation

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of vivṛddhi

vivṛddhi - increase, growth, prosperity, development, proliferation

Derived from vi-√vṛdh (to grow, to increase)

Prefix: vi

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

(indeclinable)

Note: Ablative singular of 'tad', often used as an adverb 'therefore'.

भयात् (bhayāt) - from fear, out of fear

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, dread, apprehension, danger

Derived from root √bhī (to fear)

Root: bhī (class 3)

उद्विजन्तः (udvijantaḥ) - trembling, agitated, disturbed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of udvijant

udvijant - trembling, agitated, disturbed, fearful

Present Active Participle

Formed from ud-√vij (to tremble, to be agitated)

Prefix: ud

Root: vij (class 6)

सुखेप्सवः (sukhepsavaḥ) - desiring happiness, wishing for joy

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sukhepsu

sukhepsu - desiring happiness, wishing for joy

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sukha+īpsu)

• sukha – happiness, pleasure, comfort
  noun (neuter)
• īpsu – desiring, wishing for, eager to obtain
  adjective (masculine)
  Desiderative derivative
  Derived from the desiderative stem of √āp (to obtain)
  Root: āp (class 5)

प्रयाम (prayāma) - let us go, let us approach

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, optative/imperative (loṭ) of pra-√yā

Optative / Imperative (Loṭ) or Subjunctive (Leṭ) 1st person plural

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

शरणम् (śaraṇam) - refuge, shelter, protection

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śaraṇa

śaraṇa - refuge, shelter, protection, asylum

Root: śṛ (class 1)

भवन्तम् (bhavantam) - you (respectful)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - you (respectful form), being, existing

Present Active Participle

From √bhū (to be, to become), functioning as a respectful second person pronoun.

Root: bhū (class 1)