महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-189, verse-28

व्यास उवाच ।
एतच्छ्रुत्वा वज्रपाणिर्वचस्तु देवश्रेष्ठं पुनरेवेदमाह ।
वीर्येणाहं पुरुषं कार्यहेतोर्दद्यामेषां पञ्चमं मत्प्रसूतम् ॥२८॥

28. vyāsa uvāca ,
etacchrutvā vajrapāṇirvacastu; devaśreṣṭhaṁ punarevedamāha ,
vīryeṇāhaṁ puruṣaṁ kāryaheto;rdadyāmeṣāṁ pañcamaṁ matprasūtam.

28. vyāsaḥ uvāca etat śrutvā vajrapāṇiḥ
vacas tu devaśreṣṭham punaḥ eva idam
āha vīryeṇa aham puruṣam kāryahetoḥ
dadyām eṣām pañcamam matprasūtam

28. Vyasa said, 'Having heard this speech, Vajrapani (Indra), the foremost among the gods, again said this: 'For the sake of the task, I will, by my prowess, give them a fifth person (puruṣa), born from me.'

Words meanings summery:

• व्यासः (vyāsaḥ) - Vyasa (a sage, author of Mahabharata)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• एतत् (etat) - this

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• वज्रपाणिः (vajrapāṇiḥ) - wielder of the thunderbolt (Indra)

• वचस् (vacas) - speech, word

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• देवश्रेष्ठम् (devaśreṣṭham) - Referring to the statement made as the 'best divine' or 'supreme among divine pronouncements' (best among gods, excellent divine (referring to the speech))

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, anew

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only

• इदम् (idam) - this

• आह (āha) - he said, he spoke

• वीर्येण (vīryeṇa) - by strength, by prowess, by valor

• अहम् (aham) - I

• पुरुषम् (puruṣam) - person (puruṣa), man

• कार्यहेतोः (kāryahetoḥ) - for the sake of the task/purpose

• दद्याम् (dadyām) - I may give, I would give

• एषाम् (eṣām) - to them, for them, of them

• पञ्चमम् (pañcamam) - fifth

• मत्प्रसूतम् (matprasūtam) - born from me, produced by me

Words meanings and morphology

व्यासः (vyāsaḥ) - Vyasa (a sage, author of Mahabharata)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyāsa

vyāsa - Vyasa (a sage, author of Mahabharata)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

root śru + tvā

Root: śru (class 5)

वज्रपाणिः (vajrapāṇiḥ) - wielder of the thunderbolt (Indra)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vajrapāṇi

vajrapāṇi - wielder of the thunderbolt (Indra)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vajra+pāṇi)

• vajra – thunderbolt, diamond
  noun (masculine/neuter)
• pāṇi – hand
  noun (masculine)

वचस् (vacas) - speech, word

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - speech, word

Root: vac (class 2)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

देवश्रेष्ठम् (devaśreṣṭham) - Referring to the statement made as the 'best divine' or 'supreme among divine pronouncements' (best among gods, excellent divine (referring to the speech))

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of devaśreṣṭha

devaśreṣṭha - best among gods, excellent divine

Compound type : tatpurusha (deva+śreṣṭha)

• deva – god, divine being
  noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, most excellent
  adjective

Note: Adjectival use for 'idam' or the implied 'vacas'

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, anew

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only

(indeclinable)

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this

आह (āha) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of ah

Root: ah (class 2)

वीर्येण (vīryeṇa) - by strength, by prowess, by valor

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of vīrya

vīrya - strength, prowess, valor, energy

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

पुरुषम् (puruṣam) - person (puruṣa), man

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - person, man, male, cosmic person (puruṣa)

कार्यहेतोः (kāryahetoḥ) - for the sake of the task/purpose

(noun)

masculine, singular of kāryahetu

kāryahetu - reason/cause for an action/task

Compound type : tatpurusha (kārya+hetu)

• kārya – task, work, duty, to be done
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive
  root kṛ + ṇyat
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• hetu – cause, reason, motive
  noun (masculine)

दद्याम् (dadyām) - I may give, I would give

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of dā

Root: dā (class 3)

एषाम् (eṣām) - to them, for them, of them

(pronoun)

masculine/neuter, plural of etad

etad - this, these

पञ्चमम् (pañcamam) - fifth

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pañcama

pañcama - fifth

मत्प्रसूतम् (matprasūtam) - born from me, produced by me

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of matprasūta

matprasūta - born from me, produced by me

Compound type : tatpurusha (mat+prasūta)

• mat – from me
  pronoun
• prasūta – born, produced
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  root sū + pra + kta
  Prefix: pra
  Root: sū (class 2)