महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-189, verse-36

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
ततो व्यासः परमोदारकर्मा शुचिर्विप्रस्तपसा तस्य राज्ञः ।
चक्षुर्दिव्यं प्रददौ तान्स सर्वान्राजापश्यत्पूर्वदेहैर्यथावत् ॥३६॥

36. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
tato vyāsaḥ paramodārakarmā; śucirviprastapasā tasya rājñaḥ ,
cakṣurdivyaṁ pradadau tānsa sarvā;nrājāpaśyatpūrvadehairyathāvat.

36. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca tataḥ vyāsaḥ
paramaudārakarmā śuciḥ vipraḥ tapasā tasya
rājñaḥ cakṣuḥ divyam pradadau tān sa
sarvān rājā apaśyat pūrvadehaiḥ yathāvat

36. Vaiśaṃpāyana said: Then Vyāsa, the pure brahmin renowned for his exceedingly noble actions, through the king's devotion (tapas), bestowed divine sight. With this, the king saw all of them accurately, in their former bodies.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampaayana (a sage)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from there)

• व्यासः (vyāsaḥ) - Vyāsa (a sage)

• परमौदारकर्मा (paramaudārakarmā) - renowned for his exceedingly noble actions (whose actions are exceedingly generous/noble)

• शुचिः (śuciḥ) - pure (pure, clean, holy)

• विप्रः (vipraḥ) - brahmin (brahmin, a wise man)

• तपसा (tapasā) - through the king's devotion (tapas) (by austerity, by asceticism, by devotion (tapas))

• तस्य (tasya) - his (the king's) (his, of him, of that)

• राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (of the king)

• चक्षुः (cakṣuḥ) - sight (eye, sight, vision)

• दिव्यम् (divyam) - divine (divine, celestial, heavenly)

• प्रददौ (pradadau) - bestowed (he gave, he bestowed)

• तान् (tān) - all of them (the sons of Kunti) (those (masculine plural))

• स (sa) - he (the king) (he, that (masculine singular))

• सर्वान् (sarvān) - all (of them) (all, every)

• राजा (rājā) - the king (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (king)

• अपश्यत् (apaśyat) - saw (he saw)

• पूर्वदेहैः (pūrvadehaiḥ) - in their former bodies (by former bodies, by previous bodies)

• यथावत् (yathāvat) - accurately (as it truly was, accurately, properly)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampaayana (a sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśampaayana (name of a sage, narrator of Mahābhārata)

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

perfect tense form, irregular conjugation

Root: vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from there)

(indeclinable)

व्यासः (vyāsaḥ) - Vyāsa (a sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyāsa

vyāsa - Vyāsa (name of a celebrated sage, compiler of the Vedas and Mahābhārata)

परमौदारकर्मा (paramaudārakarmā) - renowned for his exceedingly noble actions (whose actions are exceedingly generous/noble)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paramaudārakarman

paramaudārakarman - whose deeds are exceedingly generous/noble

Compound type : bahuvrihi (parama+udāra+karman)

• parama – supreme, utmost, highest
  adjective (masculine)
• udāra – generous, noble, liberal, exalted
  adjective (masculine)
  Prefix: ud
  Root: dṛ (class 1)
• karman – action, deed, work, ritual (karma)
  noun (neuter)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: epithet of Vyāsa

शुचिः (śuciḥ) - pure (pure, clean, holy)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śuci

śuci - pure, clean, holy, bright

Root: śuc (class 1)

Note: modifies 'vipraḥ'

विप्रः (vipraḥ) - brahmin (brahmin, a wise man)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vipra

vipra - brahmin, inspired, wise, a sage

Root: vip (class 1)

तपसा (tapasā) - through the king's devotion (tapas) (by austerity, by asceticism, by devotion (tapas))

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - austerity, penance, devotion, spiritual fervor (tapas)

Root: tap (class 1)

तस्य (tasya) - his (the king's) (his, of him, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: modifies 'rājñaḥ'

राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (of the king)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

चक्षुः (cakṣuḥ) - sight (eye, sight, vision)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of cakṣus

cakṣus - eye, sight, vision

Root: cakṣ (class 2)

दिव्यम् (divyam) - divine (divine, celestial, heavenly)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of divya

divya - divine, celestial, heavenly

Root: div (class 4)

Note: modifies 'cakṣuḥ'

प्रददौ (pradadau) - bestowed (he gave, he bestowed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of dā

perfect tense, class 3 (reduplicated) with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: dā (class 3)

तान् (tān) - all of them (the sons of Kunti) (those (masculine plural))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

स (sa) - he (the king) (he, that (masculine singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

सर्वान् (sarvān) - all (of them) (all, every)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Note: modifies 'tān'

राजा (rājā) - the king (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

अपश्यत् (apaśyat) - saw (he saw)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (luṅ) of dṛś

imperfect tense, past action with present stem

Root: dṛś (class 1)

पूर्वदेहैः (pūrvadehaiḥ) - in their former bodies (by former bodies, by previous bodies)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pūrvadeha

pūrvadeha - former body, previous body

Compound type : tatpurusha (pūrva+deha)

• pūrva – former, prior, earlier
  adjective (masculine)
• deha – body, form
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dih (class 1)

यथावत् (yathāvat) - accurately (as it truly was, accurately, properly)

(indeclinable)