महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-189, verse-11

सा तत्र योषा रुदती जलार्थिनी गङ्गां देवीं व्यवगाह्यावतिष्ठत् ।
तस्याश्रुबिन्दुः पतितो जले वै तत्पद्ममासीदथ तत्र काञ्चनम् ॥११॥

11. sā tatra yoṣā rudatī jalārthinī; gaṅgāṁ devīṁ vyavagāhyāvatiṣṭhat ,
tasyāśrubinduḥ patito jale vai; tatpadmamāsīdatha tatra kāñcanam.

11. sā tatra yoṣā rudatī jalārthinī
gaṅgām devīm vyavagāhya avatiṣṭhat
tasyāḥ aśrubinduḥ patitaḥ jale vai
tat padmam āsīt atha tatra kāñcanam

11. That woman there, crying and seeking water, entered the divine Gaṅgā and stood (in its waters). Indeed, a teardrop from her fell into the water, and then a golden lotus (padma) appeared there.

Words meanings summery:

• सा (sā) - she, that

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• योषा (yoṣā) - a woman, a young woman

• रुदती (rudatī) - crying, weeping

• जलार्थिनी (jalārthinī) - seeking water, desiring water

• गङ्गाम् (gaṅgām) - the Gaṅgā

• देवीम् (devīm) - divine, goddess

• व्यवगाह्य (vyavagāhya) - having entered, having plunged into

• अवतिष्ठत् (avatiṣṭhat) - she stood

• तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - of her, from her

• अश्रुबिन्दुः (aśrubinduḥ) - a teardrop

• पतितः (patitaḥ) - fallen

• जले (jale) - in the water

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

• तत् (tat) - that

• पद्मम् (padmam) - a lotus (padma)

• आसीत् (āsīt) - it was, it appeared

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• काञ्चनम् (kāñcanam) - golden

Words meanings and morphology

सा (sā) - she, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, she

Note: Refers to the yoṣā.

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

योषा (yoṣā) - a woman, a young woman

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yoṣā

yoṣā - woman, young woman, maiden

रुदती (rudatī) - crying, weeping

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of rudat

rudat - crying, weeping

Present Active Participle

Formed from rud + śatṛ

Root: rud (class 2)

जलार्थिनी (jalārthinī) - seeking water, desiring water

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of jalārthin

jalārthin - seeking water, desiring water

Formed from jala + arthin

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jala+arthin)

• jala – water
  noun (neuter)
• arthin – seeking, desiring, supplicant
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from artha (purpose, object) + in

गङ्गाम् (gaṅgām) - the Gaṅgā

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gaṅgā

gaṅgā - the river Gaṅgā

Note: Object of vyavagāhya.

देवीम् (devīm) - divine, goddess

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of devī

devī - goddess, divine woman, queen

Root: div (class 4)

Note: Qualifies Gaṅgām.

व्यवगाह्य (vyavagāhya) - having entered, having plunged into

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed with upasargas vi-ava + gāh + lyap

Prefixes: vi+ava

Root: gāh (class 1)

अवतिष्ठत् (avatiṣṭhat) - she stood

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of sthā

Imperfect tense (Laṅ)

3rd person singular active, formed from ava-sthā

Prefix: ava

Root: sthā (class 1)

तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - of her, from her

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, she

अश्रुबिन्दुः (aśrubinduḥ) - a teardrop

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aśrubindu

aśrubindu - teardrop

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (aśru+bindu)

• aśru – tear
  noun (neuter)
• bindu – drop, point, dot
  noun (masculine)
  Root: bhid (class 7)

पतितः (patitaḥ) - fallen

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of patita

patita - fallen, descended

Past Passive Participle

Formed from pat + kta

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Qualifies aśrubinduḥ.

जले (jale) - in the water

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of jala

jala - water

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this

Note: Refers to the padma.

पद्मम् (padmam) - a lotus (padma)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of padma

padma - lotus

आसीत् (āsīt) - it was, it appeared

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of as

Imperfect tense (Laṅ)

3rd person singular active

Root: as (class 2)

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon

(indeclinable)

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

काञ्चनम् (kāñcanam) - golden

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kāñcana

kāñcana - golden, made of gold, gold

Note: Qualifies padmam.