योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-73, verse-20

उपलब्धं विदुर्द्रव्यं द्रष्टृताप्युपलब्धता ।
आलोकनं दर्शनता दृगालोकनकारणम् ॥ २० ॥

upalabdhaṃ vidurdravyaṃ draṣṭṛtāpyupalabdhatā ,
ālokanaṃ darśanatā dṛgālokanakāraṇam 20

20. upalabdham viduḥ dravyam draṣṭṛtā api upalabdhatā
ālokanam darśanatā dṛk ālokana-kāraṇam

20. upalabdham dravyam viduḥ draṣṭṛtā api upalabdhatā
ālokanam darśanatā dṛk ālokana-kāraṇam

20. They understand that which is perceived as an object (dravyam). The state of being a perceiver (draṣṭṛtā) is also a state of being perceived (upalabdhatā). The act of looking (ālokanam) constitutes perception (darśanatā), and the eye (dṛk) is the cause of looking.

Words meanings summery:

• उपलब्धम् (upalabdham) - perceived, apprehended, obtained

• विदुः (viduḥ) - they know, they understand

• द्रव्यम् (dravyam) - substance, object, thing

• द्रष्टृता (draṣṭṛtā) - the state of being a seer, perceiver-ness, perceivership

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• उपलब्धता (upalabdhatā) - the state of being perceived, perceived-ness, apprehension

• आलोकनम् (ālokanam) - seeing, looking, perception, observation

• दर्शनता (darśanatā) - the state of seeing, perceptivity, perception

• दृक् (dṛk) - eye, sight, faculty of seeing

• आलोकन-कारणम् (ālokana-kāraṇam) - the cause of seeing/perception

Words meanings and morphology

उपलब्धम् (upalabdham) - perceived, apprehended, obtained

(adjective)

neuter, singular of upalabdha

upalabdha - perceived, apprehended, obtained

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root labh with prefix upa-.

Prefix: upa

Root: labh (class 1)

Note: Often functions as a noun ('that which is perceived').

विदुः (viduḥ) - they know, they understand

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vid

Present Active Indicative

From root vid (Adadi class 2).

Root: vid (class 2)

द्रव्यम् (dravyam) - substance, object, thing

(noun)

neuter, singular of dravya

dravya - substance, object, thing, wealth

From dru root + ya suffix.

Root: dru (class 1)

द्रष्टृता (draṣṭṛtā) - the state of being a seer, perceiver-ness, perceivership

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of draṣṭṛtā

draṣṭṛtā - the state of being a seer/perceiver, perceivership

Derived from draṣṭṛ (agent noun from dṛś) + tā (feminine suffix for abstract noun).

Root: dṛś (class 1)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

उपलब्धता (upalabdhatā) - the state of being perceived, perceived-ness, apprehension

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of upalabdhatā

upalabdhatā - the state of being perceived/apprehended, perceivedness

Derived from upalabdha (ppp of upa-labh) + tā (feminine suffix for abstract noun).

Root: labh (class 1)

आलोकनम् (ālokanam) - seeing, looking, perception, observation

(noun)

neuter, singular of ālokana

ālokana - seeing, looking, perception, observation

Gerundial noun

From ā-lok + ana suffix.

Prefix: ā

Root: lok (class 1)

दर्शनता (darśanatā) - the state of seeing, perceptivity, perception

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of darśanatā

darśanatā - the state of seeing, perceptivity, perception

Derived from darśana (noun from dṛś) + tā (feminine suffix for abstract noun).

Root: dṛś (class 1)

दृक् (dṛk) - eye, sight, faculty of seeing

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dṛś

dṛś - eye, sight, appearance, faculty of seeing

Root dṛś used as a noun, dṛk is nominative singular.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: `dṛk` is the sandhi form of `dṛś` in nominative singular.

आलोकन-कारणम् (ālokana-kāraṇam) - the cause of seeing/perception

(noun)

neuter, singular of ālokana-kāraṇa

ālokana-kāraṇa - cause of seeing, cause of perception

Compound noun.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ālokana+kāraṇa)

• ālokana – seeing, looking, perception
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundial noun
  From ā-lok + ana suffix.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: lok (class 1)
• kāraṇa – cause, reason, instrument
  noun (neuter)
  From root kṛ + ana suffix.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)