योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-214, verse-28

दशरथ उवाच ।
बहुजन्मोपलब्धेन पुण्येनायं मुनीश्वरः ।
धीरः कथितवान्नस्तद्येन पावनतां गताः ॥ २८ ॥

daśaratha uvāca ,
bahujanmopalabdhena puṇyenāyaṃ munīśvaraḥ ,
dhīraḥ kathitavānnastadyena pāvanatāṃ gatāḥ 28

28. daśarathaḥ uvāca bahujanmoplabdhena puṇyena ayam
munīśvaraḥ dhīraḥ kathitavān naḥ tat yena pāvanatām gatāḥ

28. daśarathaḥ uvāca ayam dhīraḥ munīśvaraḥ bahujanmoplabdhena
puṇyena naḥ tat kathitavān yena pāvanatām gatāḥ

28. Daśaratha said: "This wise lord of sages, by virtue of the merit (puṇya) he has acquired over many births, has spoken to us that by which we have attained purity."

Words meanings summery:

• दशरथः (daśarathaḥ) - Daśaratha (name of a king)

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

• बहुजन्मोप्लब्धेन (bahujanmoplabdhena) - by what was obtained through many births

• पुण्येन (puṇyena) - by merit, by virtue, by good deeds

• अयम् (ayam) - this, this one

• मुनीश्वरः (munīśvaraḥ) - Viśvāmitra (lord of sages, chief ascetic)

• धीरः (dhīraḥ) - wise, resolute, firm, steady

• कथितवान् (kathitavān) - has spoken, has narrated

• नः (naḥ) - to us, for us

• तत् (tat) - the speech (that, that thing)

• येन (yena) - by which, by whom

• पावनताम् (pāvanatām) - purity, purification

• गताः (gatāḥ) - we have become (purified) (attained, reached, gone)

Words meanings and morphology

दशरथः (daśarathaḥ) - Daśaratha (name of a king)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daśaratha

daśaratha - Daśaratha (a king, father of Rāma)

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (liṭ) of vac

perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice

Irregular perfect formation of root vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

बहुजन्मोप्लब्धेन (bahujanmoplabdhena) - by what was obtained through many births

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of bahujanmopalabdha

bahujanmopalabdha - obtained through many births

Past Passive Participle

Derived from upa + labh with bahujanman as the source of acquisition.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bahu+janman+upalabdha)

• bahu – many, much
  adjective
• janman – birth, life, existence
  noun (neuter)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• upalabdha – obtained, acquired, perceived
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root labh with prefix upa.
  Prefix: upa
  Root: labh (class 1)

पुण्येन (puṇyena) - by merit, by virtue, by good deeds

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of puṇya

puṇya - merit, virtue, good deed, righteousness

Root: puṇ (class 1)

अयम् (ayam) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

मुनीश्वरः (munīśvaraḥ) - Viśvāmitra (lord of sages, chief ascetic)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of munīśvara

munīśvara - chief of ascetics, lord of sages

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (muni+īśvara)

• muni – sage, ascetic, seer
  noun (masculine)
  Root: man (class 4)
• īśvara – lord, master, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: īś (class 2)

धीरः (dhīraḥ) - wise, resolute, firm, steady

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhīra

dhīra - wise, firm, brave, steady, resolute

Root: dhīr

कथितवान् (kathitavān) - has spoken, has narrated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kathitavat

kathitavat - one who has spoken/narrated

Past Active Participle

Formed from root kath with suffix vat.

Root: kath (class 10)

Note: Functions as a finite verb in this context.

नः (naḥ) - to us, for us

(pronoun)

Dative, plural of asmad

asmad - we, us

Enclitic form of the pronoun asmad.

तत् (tat) - the speech (that, that thing)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the speech.

येन (yena) - by which, by whom

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what

Note: Refers to 'that' (the speech).

पावनताम् (pāvanatām) - purity, purification

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pāvanatā

pāvanatā - purity, holiness, state of being purified

Derived from pāvana (purifying) with suffix tā (abstract noun).

Root: pū (class 1)

गताः (gatāḥ) - we have become (purified) (attained, reached, gone)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gata

gata - gone, attained, reached, become

Past Passive Participle

From root gam.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Functions predicatively, meaning 'we have become'.