योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-214, verse-23

विश्वामित्र उवाच ।
अहो बत महत्पुण्यं श्रुतं ज्ञानं मुनेर्मुखात् ।
येन गङ्गासहस्रेण स्नाता इव वयं स्थिताः ॥ २३ ॥

viśvāmitra uvāca ,
aho bata mahatpuṇyaṃ śrutaṃ jñānaṃ munermukhāt ,
yena gaṅgāsahasreṇa snātā iva vayaṃ sthitāḥ 23

23. viśvāmitraḥ uvāca aho bata mahat puṇyam śrutam jñānam
muneḥ mukhāt yena gaṅgāsahasreṇa snātāḥ iva vayam sthitāḥ

23. viśvāmitraḥ uvāca aho bata muneḥ mukhāt mahat puṇyam
jñānam śrutam yena vayam gaṅgāsahasreṇa snātāḥ iva sthitāḥ

23. Viśvāmitra said: Oh, what immense merit (puṇya) and knowledge (jñāna) has been heard from the mouth of the sage (muni)! By this, we are as if purified by a thousand Ganges (Gaṅgā) rivers.

Words meanings summery:

• विश्वामित्रः (viśvāmitraḥ) - Viśvāmitra (a revered sage)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• अहो (aho) - expressing wonder/joy (oh!, ah!, indeed!)

• बत (bata) - expressing wonder/joy (reinforces 'aho') (alas!, oh!, indeed!)

• महत् (mahat) - immense (qualifying 'puṇyam' and 'jñānam') (great, large, important)

• पुण्यम् (puṇyam) - immense merit (merit, virtue, good deed)

• श्रुतम् (śrutam) - (that which has been) heard (referring to knowledge) (heard, revealed (scripture))

• ज्ञानम् (jñānam) - immense knowledge (knowledge, wisdom)

• मुनेः (muneḥ) - from the sage (Viśvāmitra himself or another revered teacher) (from the sage)

• मुखात् (mukhāt) - from the mouth (of the sage) (from the mouth, from the face)

• येन (yena) - by this (knowledge) (by which, by whom)

• गङ्गासहस्रेण (gaṅgāsahasreṇa) - by a thousand Gangas

• स्नाताः (snātāḥ) - (we are) purified (as if by bathing) (bathed, purified)

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• वयम् (vayam) - we

• स्थिताः (sthitāḥ) - we are (in a state of being purified) (stood, remained, are, have become)

Words meanings and morphology

विश्वामित्रः (viśvāmitraḥ) - Viśvāmitra (a revered sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viśvāmitra

viśvāmitra - Viśvāmitra (a prominent Vedic sage)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of √vac

Perfect tense

Perfect active 3rd person singular of √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

अहो (aho) - expressing wonder/joy (oh!, ah!, indeed!)

(indeclinable)

Exclamatory particle

बत (bata) - expressing wonder/joy (reinforces 'aho') (alas!, oh!, indeed!)

(indeclinable)

Exclamatory particle, often expressing regret, pity, or wonder

महत् (mahat) - immense (qualifying 'puṇyam' and 'jñānam') (great, large, important)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, eminent

Present Active Participle (from √mah)

Used as an adjective, neuter nominative singular

Root: mah (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'puṇyam' and 'jñānam'.

पुण्यम् (puṇyam) - immense merit (merit, virtue, good deed)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of puṇya

puṇya - merit, virtue, auspicious, pure

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'is' or 'has been'.

श्रुतम् (śrutam) - (that which has been) heard (referring to knowledge) (heard, revealed (scripture))

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śruta

śruta - heard, listened, revealed

Past Passive Participle

From √śru

Root: śru (class 5)

ज्ञानम् (jñānam) - immense knowledge (knowledge, wisdom)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jñāna

jñāna - knowledge, wisdom

From √jñā

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'is' or 'has been'.

मुनेः (muneḥ) - from the sage (Viśvāmitra himself or another revered teacher) (from the sage)

(noun)

masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, inspired person

Masculine i-stem noun

Root: man (class 8)

Note: Here ablative, 'from the sage'.

मुखात् (mukhāt) - from the mouth (of the sage) (from the mouth, from the face)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of mukha

mukha - mouth, face, opening

Neuter a-stem noun

Note: Used with 'muneḥ' to indicate the source of knowledge.

येन (yena) - by this (knowledge) (by which, by whom)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

Relative pronoun

गङ्गासहस्रेण (gaṅgāsahasreṇa) - by a thousand Gangas

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of gaṅgāsahasra

gaṅgāsahasra - a thousand Ganges (rivers)

Tatpuruṣa compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gaṅgā+sahasra)

• gaṅgā – the river Ganges
  proper noun (feminine)
  Feminine ā-stem noun
  Root: gam (class 1)
• sahasra – a thousand
  noun (neuter)
  Neuter a-stem noun

Note: Acts as an agent of purification, metaphorically.

स्नाताः (snātāḥ) - (we are) purified (as if by bathing) (bathed, purified)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of snāta

snāta - bathed, purified, washed

Past Passive Participle

From √snā

Root: snā (class 2)

Note: Predicative adjective with 'vayam sthitāḥ'.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Particle expressing comparison

वयम् (vayam) - we

(pronoun)

Nominative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

1st person plural pronoun

Note: Subject of the sentence.

स्थिताः (sthitāḥ) - we are (in a state of being purified) (stood, remained, are, have become)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sthita

sthita - stood, situated, remained, become

Past Passive Participle

From √sthā

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Predicative adjective with 'vayam', forming the main verb idea 'we are'.