योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-127, verse-51

समारूढं दशादोलामहोरात्रमिदं जगत् ।
क्रीड्यते षड्विधैः प्रेङ्खैः सखे किमिति खिद्यते ॥ ५१ ॥

samārūḍhaṃ daśādolāmahorātramidaṃ jagat ,
krīḍyate ṣaḍvidhaiḥ preṅkhaiḥ sakhe kimiti khidyate 51

51. samārūḍham daśādolām ahorātram idam jagat krīḍyate
ṣaḍvidhaiḥ preṅkhaiḥ sakhe kim iti khidyate

51. sakhe idam jagat ahorātram daśādolām samārūḍham
ṣaḍvidhaiḥ preṅkhaiḥ krīḍyate kim iti khidyate

51. This world (jagat), constantly (day and night) mounted on the swing of various states, is playfully moved by six types of oscillations. O friend, why do you feel distressed?

Words meanings summery:

• समारूढम् (samārūḍham) - mounted upon, ascended, placed on

• दशादोलाम् (daśādolām) - the swing of states/conditions, the swing of circumstances

• अहोरात्रम् (ahorātram) - day and night, constantly

• इदम् (idam) - this, this one

• जगत् (jagat) - world, universe, all that moves

• क्रीड्यते (krīḍyate) - is played with, is made to play, is amused

• षड्विधैः (ṣaḍvidhaiḥ) - by six kinds, of six types

• प्रेङ्खैः (preṅkhaiḥ) - by swings, by oscillations, by movements

• सखे (sakhe) - O friend

• किम् (kim) - why, what, whether

• इति (iti) - thus, so, for this reason (often used to mark direct speech or to explain a preceding word)

• खिद्यते (khidyate) - is distressed, is pained, is wearied

Words meanings and morphology

समारूढम् (samārūḍham) - mounted upon, ascended, placed on

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of samārūḍha

samārūḍha - mounted, ascended, placed upon

Past Passive Participle

Formed from 'sam' + 'ā' + root 'ruh' (to ascend, mount).

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: ruh (class 1)

दशादोलाम् (daśādolām) - the swing of states/conditions, the swing of circumstances

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of daśādolā

daśādolā - swing of states/conditions

Compound noun.

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (daśā+dolā)

• daśā – state, condition, circumstance, period of life
  noun (feminine)
• dolā – swing
  noun (feminine)

Note: Object of 'samārūḍham' (implied 'having mounted').

अहोरात्रम् (ahorātram) - day and night, constantly

(indeclinable)

Compound formed from 'ahas' (day) and 'rātri' (night). Can function as an adverb.

Compound type : dvandva (ahas+rātri)

• ahas – day
  noun (neuter)
• rātri – night
  noun (feminine)

Note: Adverbial usage meaning 'constantly'.

इदम् (idam) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Qualifies 'jagat'.

जगत् (jagat) - world, universe, all that moves

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jagat

jagat - world, universe, moving, living beings

Present Active Participle

From root 'gam' (to go) with reduplication.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'krīḍyate'.

क्रीड्यते (krīḍyate) - is played with, is made to play, is amused

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of krīḍ

Passive voice, present tense.

Root: krīḍ (class 1)

षड्विधैः (ṣaḍvidhaiḥ) - by six kinds, of six types

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ṣaḍvidha

ṣaḍvidha - six-fold, of six kinds

Compound of 'ṣaṣ' (six) and 'vidha' (kind, manner).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (ṣaṣ+vidha)

• ṣaṣ – six
  numeral
• vidha – kind, manner, sort
  noun (masculine)

प्रेङ्खैः (preṅkhaiḥ) - by swings, by oscillations, by movements

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of preṅkha

preṅkha - swing, oscillation, movement

From root 'preṅkh' (to swing).

Root: preṅkh (class 1)

Note: Agent of 'krīḍyate'.

सखे (sakhe) - O friend

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of sakhi

sakhi - friend, companion

किम् (kim) - why, what, whether

(indeclinable)

इति (iti) - thus, so, for this reason (often used to mark direct speech or to explain a preceding word)

(indeclinable)

खिद्यते (khidyate) - is distressed, is pained, is wearied

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of khid

Root 'khid' in middle voice (or passive meaning here).

Root: khid (class 4)