योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-127, verse-31

पृथिव्यादिमहाभूतपरमाणुमयं जगत् ।
स्थितं यदा तदापीह को गतो योऽनुशोच्यते ॥ ३१ ॥

pṛthivyādimahābhūtaparamāṇumayaṃ jagat ,
sthitaṃ yadā tadāpīha ko gato yo'nuśocyate 31

31. pṛthivy-ādi-mahābhūta-paramāṇu-mayam jagat
sthitam yadā tadā api iha kaḥ gataḥ yaḥ anuśocyate

31. jagat pṛthivy-ādi-mahābhūta-paramāṇu-mayam
sthitam yadā tadā api iha kaḥ gataḥ yaḥ anuśocyate

31. When this world is composed of atoms of the great elements (mahābhūta) like earth and others, then who here has truly departed, that one should be lamented?

Words meanings summery:

• पृथिव्य्-आदि-महाभूत-परमाणु-मयम् (pṛthivy-ādi-mahābhūta-paramāṇu-mayam) - consisting of atoms of the great elements beginning with earth

• जगत् (jagat) - world, universe, what moves

• स्थितम् (sthitam) - existing, standing, situated

• यदा (yadā) - when, at which time

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• इह (iha) - here, in this world, in this case

• कः (kaḥ) - who

• गतः (gataḥ) - gone, departed, dead

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• अनुशोच्यते (anuśocyate) - is lamented, is grieved for

Words meanings and morphology

पृथिव्य्-आदि-महाभूत-परमाणु-मयम् (pṛthivy-ādi-mahābhūta-paramāṇu-mayam) - consisting of atoms of the great elements beginning with earth

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pṛthivyādimahābhūtaparumāṇumaya

pṛthivyādimahābhūtaparumāṇumaya - consisting of atoms of the great elements (mahābhūta) beginning with earth

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pṛthivy-ādi) within a tatpuruṣa (mahābhūta-paramāṇu) within another tatpuruṣa (paramāṇu-maya) (pṛthivī+ādi+mahābhūta+paramāṇu+maya)

• pṛthivī – earth
  noun (feminine)
• ādi – beginning with, and so on, et cetera
  adjective (masculine)
• mahābhūta – great element, gross element (mahābhūta)
  noun (neuter)
• paramāṇu – atom, subtle particle
  noun (masculine)
• maya – consisting of, made of
  suffix (neuter)
  Suffix used to form adjectives indicating 'made of' or 'consisting of'.

Note: Adjective agreeing with 'jagat'.

जगत् (jagat) - world, universe, what moves

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jagat

jagat - world, universe, what moves, animate existence

स्थितम् (sthitam) - existing, standing, situated

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sthita

sthita - existing, standing, situated, firm, established

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'sthā' (to stand, exist)

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'jagat'. Implies 'is existing'.

यदा (yadā) - when, at which time

(indeclinable)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

इह (iha) - here, in this world, in this case

(indeclinable)

कः (kaḥ) - who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Interrogative pronoun.

गतः (gataḥ) - gone, departed, dead

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, departed, dead, past

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'gam' (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Relative pronoun referring to 'kaḥ'.

अनुशोच्यते (anuśocyate) - is lamented, is grieved for

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present indicative (laṭ) of anuśoc

Prefix: anu

Root: śuc (class 1)