योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-127, verse-44

बोधः पुण्यपराधीनः प्रथते बहुजन्मभिः ।
अनुमीयेत धीरेषु जीवन्मुक्तेषु कार्यतः ॥ ४४ ॥

bodhaḥ puṇyaparādhīnaḥ prathate bahujanmabhiḥ ,
anumīyeta dhīreṣu jīvanmukteṣu kāryataḥ 44

44. bodhaḥ puṇyaparādhīnaḥ prathate bahujanmabhiḥ
anumīyeta dhīreṣu jīvanmukteṣu kāryataḥ

44. puṇyaparādhīnaḥ bodhaḥ bahujanmabhiḥ prathate
dhīreṣu jīvanmukteṣu kāryataḥ anumīyeta ॥

44. Enlightenment (bodha), which is dependent on accumulated merit (puṇya), develops and becomes manifest over many lifetimes. It can be inferred from the conduct (kāryataḥ) of the steadfast and those who are liberated while living (jīvanmukta).

Words meanings summery:

• बोधः (bodhaḥ) - enlightenment, knowledge, awakening

• पुण्यपराधीनः (puṇyaparādhīnaḥ) - dependent on accumulated merit (dependent on merit, controlled by virtue)

• प्रथते (prathate) - develops and becomes manifest (spreads, manifests, becomes famous)

• बहुजन्मभिः (bahujanmabhiḥ) - over many lifetimes (by many births/lifetimes)

• अनुमीयेत (anumīyeta) - it should be inferred, it can be inferred

• धीरेषु (dhīreṣu) - from the conduct of the steadfast (among the wise, in the steadfast)

• जीवन्मुक्तेषु (jīvanmukteṣu) - among those who are liberated while living (jīvanmukta) (among the liberated-while-living)

• कार्यतः (kāryataḥ) - from the conduct (by effect, from their deeds/actions, practically)

Words meanings and morphology

बोधः (bodhaḥ) - enlightenment, knowledge, awakening

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bodha

bodha - awakening, perception, knowledge, enlightenment

from root budh (to know, awaken)

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'prathate'.

पुण्यपराधीनः (puṇyaparādhīnaḥ) - dependent on accumulated merit (dependent on merit, controlled by virtue)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puṇyaparādhīna

puṇyaparādhīna - dependent on merit, subject to virtue

Compound type : tatpurusha (puṇya+parādhīna)

• puṇya – merit, virtue, good deed, spiritual good
  noun (neuter)
• parādhīna – dependent, subject to, submissive
  adjective (masculine)
  from para (other) + adhīna (dependent)

Note: Qualifies 'bodhaḥ'.

प्रथते (prathate) - develops and becomes manifest (spreads, manifests, becomes famous)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of prath

Present Tense

3rd person singular present tense (ātmanepada) of root prath

Root: prath (class 1)

बहुजन्मभिः (bahujanmabhiḥ) - over many lifetimes (by many births/lifetimes)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of bahujanman

bahujanman - many births, many existences

Compound type : karmadhāraya (bahu+janman)

• bahu – many, much
  adjective
• janman – birth, existence, life
  noun (neuter)
  from root jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Indicates the means or duration (over many births).

अनुमीयेत (anumīyeta) - it should be inferred, it can be inferred

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, optative (liṅ) of anumā

Optative Passive

3rd person singular optative passive of root mā (to measure, perceive) with prefix anu

Prefix: anu

Root: mā (class 3)

Note: Implied subject is 'bodhaḥ'.

धीरेषु (dhīreṣu) - from the conduct of the steadfast (among the wise, in the steadfast)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of dhīra

dhīra - wise, steadfast, calm, firm, courageous

Note: Denotes the group among whom the inference is made.

जीवन्मुक्तेषु (jīvanmukteṣu) - among those who are liberated while living (jīvanmukta) (among the liberated-while-living)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of jīvanmukta

jīvanmukta - one who is liberated while living, a liberated soul

Compound type : karmadhāraya (jīvat+mukta)

• jīvat – living, alive
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  from root jīv (to live)
  Root: jīv (class 1)
• mukta – liberated, released, free
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root muc (to release, free)
  Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Coordinates with 'dhīreṣu'.

कार्यतः (kāryataḥ) - from the conduct (by effect, from their deeds/actions, practically)

(indeclinable)

from kārya (action, effect) with suffix -tas (from, by means of)

Note: Denotes the basis for the inference.