योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-26, verse-15

जगृहुस्तानथाक्रम्य जरठासूनिवौतवः ।
तेऽपि ताञ्जगृहुर्मत्तानृक्षारूढानिव द्रुमान् ॥ १५ ॥

jagṛhustānathākramya jaraṭhāsūnivautavaḥ ,
te'pi tāñjagṛhurmattānṛkṣārūḍhāniva drumān 15

15. jagṛhuḥ tān atha ākramya jaraṭhāsūn iva ṛtavaḥ
te api tān jagṛhuḥ mattān ṛkṣārūḍhān iva drumān

15. atha ākramya ṛtavaḥ jaraṭhāsūn iva tān jagṛhuḥ
api te mattān ṛkṣārūḍhān drumān iva tān jagṛhuḥ

15. Then, having attacked, those (gods) seized them (the asuras) as seasons (ṛtavaḥ) seize aged life forces. And they (the asuras) in turn seized those (gods), who were furious, like trees climbed upon by bears.

Words meanings summery:

• जगृहुः (jagṛhuḥ) - they (the gods) seized (they seized, they took)

• तान् (tān) - them (the asuras) (them, those)

• अथ (atha) - then (then, next, moreover)

• आक्रम्य (ākramya) - having attacked (having attacked, having overcome, having stepped upon)

• जरठासून् (jaraṭhāsūn) - aged life forces (old life-breaths, decaying vitalities)

• इव (iva) - as (like, as, as if)

• ऋतवः (ṛtavaḥ) - seasons (as agents of decay) (seasons)

• ते (te) - they (the asuras) (they, those)

• अपि (api) - also, in turn (also, even)

• तान् (tān) - them (the gods) (them, those)

• जगृहुः (jagṛhuḥ) - they (the asuras) seized (they seized, they took)

• मत्तान् (mattān) - furious (referring to the gods) (intoxicated, arrogant, furious, excited)

• ऋक्षारूढान् (ṛkṣārūḍhān) - trees overrun by bears (those climbed upon by bears)

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

• द्रुमान् (drumān) - trees

Words meanings and morphology

जगृहुः (jagṛhuḥ) - they (the gods) seized (they seized, they took)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of grah

Perfect Tense, third person plural

Root grah (class 9) + u (augment) + huḥ (perfect ending)

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Subject is implied 'devāḥ' from the previous verse.

तान् (tān) - them (the asuras) (them, those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it, they

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Object of 'jagṛhuḥ'.

अथ (atha) - then (then, next, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Particle indicating sequence or commencement

आक्रम्य (ākramya) - having attacked (having attacked, having overcome, having stepped upon)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Root kram (class 1) + ā (prefix) + lyap (absolutive suffix for prefixed verbs)

Prefix: ā

Root: kram (class 1)

जरठासून् (jaraṭhāsūn) - aged life forces (old life-breaths, decaying vitalities)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of jaraṭhāsu

jaraṭhāsu - old life, decaying vitality

Tatpurusha compound: jaraṭha (old, decaying) + asu (life, breath)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jaraṭha+asu)

• jaraṭha – old, aged, decrepit, decaying
  adjective (masculine)
  From root jṛ (to grow old)
  Root: jṛ (class 1)
• asu – life, breath, vital air, vitality
  noun (masculine)
  From root as (to breathe)
  Root: as (class 4)

इव (iva) - as (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison

Note: The Devanagari इवौतवः suggests a non-standard sandhi of iva + ṛtavaḥ resulting in ivautavaḥ. Here, it is separated for grammatical clarity based on the 'no_sandhi' instruction.

ऋतवः (ṛtavaḥ) - seasons (as agents of decay) (seasons)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ṛtu

ṛtu - season, proper time

ते (te) - they (the asuras) (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it, they

Demonstrative pronoun

अपि (api) - also, in turn (also, even)

(indeclinable)

Particle of emphasis or inclusion

तान् (tān) - them (the gods) (them, those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it, they

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Object of the second 'jagṛhuḥ'.

जगृहुः (jagṛhuḥ) - they (the asuras) seized (they seized, they took)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of grah

Perfect Tense, third person plural

Root grah (class 9) + u (augment) + huḥ (perfect ending)

Root: grah (class 9)

मत्तान् (mattān) - furious (referring to the gods) (intoxicated, arrogant, furious, excited)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of matta

matta - intoxicated, furious, excited, proud, arrogant

Past Passive Participle

From root mad (to rejoice, be intoxicated) + kta (suffix)

Root: mad (class 4)

ऋक्षारूढान् (ṛkṣārūḍhān) - trees overrun by bears (those climbed upon by bears)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ṛkṣārūḍha

ṛkṣārūḍha - climbed upon or mounted by bears

Tatpurusha compound: ṛkṣa (bear) + ārūḍha (mounted, climbed - past passive participle)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ṛkṣa+ārūḍha)

• ṛkṣa – bear
  noun (masculine)
• ārūḍha – mounted, ascended, climbed upon
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From ā (prefix) + ruh (to climb) + kta (suffix)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: ruh (class 1)

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison

द्रुमान् (drumān) - trees

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of druma

druma - tree