योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-58, verse-31

पतिमालोकयामीमं यावदेष विदूरथः ।
शेते कुसुमगुप्ताङ्गो मधुः पुष्पवने यथा ॥ ३१ ॥

patimālokayāmīmaṃ yāvadeṣa vidūrathaḥ ,
śete kusumaguptāṅgo madhuḥ puṣpavane yathā 31

31. patim ālokayāmi imam yāvat eṣaḥ vidūrathaḥ
śete kusumaguptāṅgaḥ madhuḥ puṣpavane yathā

31. yāvat aham imam patim ālokayāmi eṣaḥ vidūrathaḥ
kusumaguptāṅgaḥ yathā madhuḥ puṣpavane śete

31. Then I behold my husband, Vidūratha, lying there with his body covered by flowers, just as the spring season (reclines) in a flower garden.

Words meanings summery:

• पतिम् (patim) - husband, lord, master

• आलोकयामि (ālokayāmi) - I behold, I see, I gaze upon

• इमम् (imam) - this

• यावत् (yāvat) - introduces a temporal clause (when) (as long as, until, when, as soon as)

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, he

• विदूरथः (vidūrathaḥ) - Vidūratha (proper name)

• शेते (śete) - he lies down, he reclines

• कुसुमगुप्ताङ्गः (kusumaguptāṅgaḥ) - whose limbs are covered with flowers, having limbs concealed by flowers

• मधुः (madhuḥ) - spring (season)

• पुष्पवने (puṣpavane) - in a flower garden, in a grove of flowers

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in which manner

Words meanings and morphology

पतिम् (patim) - husband, lord, master

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - master, lord, husband

Note: Object of 'ālokayāmi'.

आलोकयामि (ālokayāmi) - I behold, I see, I gaze upon

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of lok

Causative

Present indicative first person singular of causative root 'lok' (from 'lok' or 'dṛś' (P) + 'aya').

Prefix: ā

Root: lok (class 10)

Note: The prefix 'ā' emphasizes seeing.

इमम् (imam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, here

Note: Qualifies 'patim'.

यावत् (yāvat) - introduces a temporal clause (when) (as long as, until, when, as soon as)

(indeclinable)

Note: Here, indicates simultaneity or a temporal connection ('when I behold...').

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, he

Note: Subject of 'śete'.

विदूरथः (vidūrathaḥ) - Vidūratha (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidūratha

vidūratha - Vidūratha

Name of a king or hero.

Note: In apposition to 'eṣaḥ'.

शेते (śete) - he lies down, he reclines

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of śī

Present indicative third person singular, ātmanepada of root śī.

Root: śī (class 2)

कुसुमगुप्ताङ्गः (kusumaguptāṅgaḥ) - whose limbs are covered with flowers, having limbs concealed by flowers

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kusumaguptāṅga

kusumaguptāṅga - having limbs covered by flowers

Compound formed from kusuma (flower) + gupta (covered/protected) + aṅga (limb).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kusuma+gupta+aṅga)

• kusuma – flower, blossom
  noun (neuter)
  Root: kus (class 1)
• gupta – covered, protected, hidden
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Root gup + kta.
  Root: gup (class 1)
• aṅga – limb, body part, body
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'eṣaḥ Vidūrathaḥ'.

मधुः (madhuḥ) - spring (season)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of madhu

madhu - spring (season), honey, sweet

Masculine for season, neuter for honey.

Note: Subject of the comparison.

पुष्पवने (puṣpavane) - in a flower garden, in a grove of flowers

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of puṣpavana

puṣpavana - flower garden, grove of flowers

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puṣpa+vana)

• puṣpa – flower, blossom
  noun (neuter)
  Root: puṣ (class 4)
• vana – forest, grove, garden
  noun (neuter)
  Root: van (class 1)

Note: Location for the comparison.

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in which manner

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle of comparison.